Introduction to Shaft Hole Fit Tolerance
Shaft and hole fit tolerances ensure precise mating of components, critical for functionality in machinery. Based on ISO 286-1:2010 and JIS B 0401-1:2016, these tables define limits for clearance, transition, and interference fits up to 500 mm basic sizes. Proper application minimizes assembly issues and enhances performance.
Key guidance: Select grades based on fit type—e.g., h for shafts in running fits, H for holes. Tolerances in μm; consider manufacturing capabilities and operational conditions like temperature for optimal results.
Query Examples
Examples demonstrate table usage for dimension ranges:
Shaft: ∅10 h9
Basic size 10 mm, grade h9: Limits +0 / -36 μm. Range: 9.964 mm to 10 mm. Suitable for loose running fits.
Hole: ∅10 H7
Basic size 10 mm, grade H7: Limits +15 / 0 μm. Range: 10 mm to 10.015 mm. Ideal for location fits with minimal clearance.
Shaft Tolerance Table
Table provides upper/lower limits (μm) for shaft grades across size ranges. Upper row: upper limit; lower: lower limit. Use for precise shaft design in assemblies.
| Basic Size (mm) | b9 | c9 | d8 | d9 | e7 | e8 | e9 | f6 | f7 | f8 | g5 | g6 | h5 | h6 | h7 | h8 | h9 | js5 | js6 | js7 | k5 | k6 | m5 | m6 | n6 | p6 | r6 | s6 | t6 | u6 | x6 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > | ≤ | Shaft Tolerance Grades (μm) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| – | 3 | -140 -165 | -60 -85 | -20 -34 | -20 -45 | -14 -24 | -14 -28 | -14 -39 | -6 -12 | -6 -16 | -6 -20 | -2 -6 | -2 -8 | 0 -4 | 0 -6 | 0 -10 | 0 -14 | 0 -25 | ±2 | ±3 | ±5 | +4 0 | +6 0 | +6 +2 | +8 +2 | +10 +4 | +12 +6 | +16 +10 | +20 +14 | – | +24 +18 | +26 +20 |
| 3 | 6 | -140 -170 | -70 -100 | -30 -48 | -30 -60 | -20 -32 | -20 -38 | -20 -50 | -10 -18 | -10 -22 | -10 -28 | -4 -9 | -4 -12 | 0 -5 | 0 -8 | 0 -12 | 0 -18 | 0 -30 | ±2.5 | ±4 | +6 +1 | +9 +1 | +9 +4 | +12 +4 | +16 +8 | +20 +12 | +23 +15 | +27 +19 | – | +31 +23 | +36 +28 | |
| 6 | 10 | -150 -186 | -80 -116 | -40 -62 | -40 -76 | -25 -40 | -25 -47 | -25 -61 | -13 -22 | -13 -28 | -13 -35 | -5 -11 | -5 -14 | 0 -6 | 0 -9 | 0 -15 | 0 -22 | 0 -36 | ±3 | ±4.5 | +7 +1 | +10 +1 | +12 +6 | +15 +6 | +19 +10 | +24 +15 | +28 +19 | +32 +23 | – | +37 +28 | +43 +34 | |
| 10 | 18 | -150 -193 | -95 -138 | -50 -77 | -50 -93 | -32 -50 | -32 -59 | -32 -75 | -16 -27 | -16 -34 | -16 -43 | -6 -14 | -6 -17 | 0 -8 | 0 -11 | 0 -18 | 0 -27 | 0 -43 | ±4 | ±5.5 | +9 +1 | +12 +1 | +15 +7 | +18 +7 | +23 +12 | +29 +18 | +34 +23 | +39 +28 | – | +44 +33 | +51 +40 | |
Note: Upper value is upper limit, lower is lower limit. For complete data, refer to standards.
Usein kysytyt kysymykset
- How to select tolerance grade for a running fit?
Choose h6 or h7 for shafts with H7 holes for smooth rotation; adjust for speed and load to minimize play. - What is the difference between ISO 286 and JIS B 0401?
Both are harmonized; JIS aligns with ISO for international compatibility, but verify specific editions for minor variations. - Why are tolerances in μm?
Micrometers provide precision for small deviations; convert to mm by dividing by 1000 for practical machining. - How do temperature changes affect fits?
Thermal expansion can alter clearances; use materials with similar coefficients or adjust tolerances for operating temperatures. - What if basic size is between ranges?
Interpolate or use the nearest range; for accuracy, consult full standard tables or software tools.
