{"id":5676,"date":"2025-12-23T05:27:26","date_gmt":"2025-12-23T05:27:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/?p=5676"},"modified":"2025-12-23T05:28:19","modified_gmt":"2025-12-23T05:28:19","slug":"gb-t-3098-18-blind-rivets-mechanical-test-methods","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/blog\/gb-t-3098-18-blind-rivets-mechanical-test-methods\/","title":{"rendered":"GB\/T 3098.18: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111inh t\u00e1n m\u00f9"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eaft v\u00e0 k\u00e9o<\/h2>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 3098.18 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0111inh t\u00e1n m\u00f9, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i k\u00e9o l\u00f5i (draw-core) v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3ng (hit-core). C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o, r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eaft \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a \u0111inh t\u00e1n, trong khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u00e9o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o d\u1ecdc theo tr\u1ee5c. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng \u0111inh t\u00e1n m\u00f9 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c trong c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1eafp r\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

\u0110inh t\u00e1n m\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda c\u1ee7a chi ti\u1ebft gia c\u00f4ng. \u0110inh t\u00e1n k\u00e9o l\u00f5i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c g\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e3n n\u1edf \u0111inh t\u00e1n, trong khi \u0111inh t\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng b\u1eb1ng b\u00faa. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y n\u00eau r\u00f5 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c sai l\u1ec7ch, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y tham chi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n li\u00ean quan nh\u01b0 GB\/T 3722 cho m\u00e1y th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c sai l\u1ec7ch k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c s\u1edbm. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng rung \u0111\u1ed9ng cao, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1eaft v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i cung c\u1ea5p k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t trong c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn k\u00e9p n\u00e0y c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u00ecn chung, GB\/T 3098.18 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u01a1 kh\u00ed an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e9p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao cho c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng l\u00f3t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111inh t\u00e1n theo khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 chi ti\u1ebft (m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham kh\u1ea3o trong b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c), n\u00f3 gi\u00fap h\u00ecnh dung c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1. Khung ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u bu\u1ed9c, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed<\/h2>\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 3098.18 l\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o l\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111inh t\u00e1n m\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi x\u1ea3y ra h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eaft, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ngang \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng l\u1ef1c c\u1eaft, trong khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u00e9o \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng d\u1ecdc tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i t\u1ed1i \u0111a, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eaft, \u0111inh t\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau so v\u1edbi nhau, cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111inh t\u00e1n. Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u00e9o k\u00e9o \u0111inh t\u00e1n d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u, th\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u00f5i. C\u1ea3 hai th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00e3y, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi, cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i \u0111a. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1: c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3i c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c c\u1ee7a \u0111inh t\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trong th\u00e2n m\u00e1y bay. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u01a1 kh\u00ed r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy v\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111inh t\u00e1n m\u00f9, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m lo\u1ea1i l\u00f5i\u2014g\u00e3y, kh\u00f4ng g\u00e3y ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f3a\u2014\u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin cho c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111inh t\u00e1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ee3p kim c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao, n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1eaft khe.<\/p>\n

Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m cho c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eaft v\u00e0 k\u00e9o.<\/h2>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eaft v\u00e0 k\u00e9o, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh lo\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, trong khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eaft, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (nh\u01b0 trong H\u00ecnh 1) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng \u2265420 HV30, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p s\u1ebd b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, m\u00f2n, h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1ed1i \u0111a trong B\u1ea3ng 2.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 g\u00e1 c\u1eaft d\u00f9ng trong tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i (H\u00ecnh 3) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng l\u00f3t (H\u00ecnh 2) l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng \u2265700 HV30, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf cho m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n th\u1eed. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh trong m\u00e1y. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 g\u00e1 k\u00e9o th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (H\u00ecnh 4) tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 g\u00e1 k\u00e9o d\u00f9ng trong tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i (H\u00ecnh 5) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u1ed1ng l\u00f3t, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn cho mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111inh t\u00e1n d\u00e0i h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Ra=1,6 \u03bcm, c\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0i nh\u1eb5n v\u00e0 g\u00f3c v\u00e1t m\u00e9p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc danh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111inh t\u00e1n v\u1edbi dung sai t\u1eeb -2\u00b0 \u0111\u1ebfn 0\u00b0. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u xung quanh m\u1eabu th\u1eed l\u00e0 D=25 mm. Nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ngo\u1ea1i lai \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o. Trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa quy tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh leo thang \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong ng\u00e0nh. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111inh t\u00e1n, r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7<\/h2>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea3ng 1: M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111inh t\u00e1n m\u00f9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ea5m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng l\u00f3t<\/caption>\n
\u0110inh t\u00e1n m\u00f9<\/th>\n\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ea5m th\u1eed ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng l\u00f3t t_p min<\/th>\n\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ea5m th\u1eed ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng l\u00f3t t_c min<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
L\u00f5i ki\u1ec3u xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t<\/td>\n0,5 ng\u00e0y<\/td>\n0,75 ng\u00e0y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 l\u00f5i (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng)<\/td>\n0,75 ng\u00e0y<\/td>\n1 ng\u00e0y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u00f5i kh\u00f4ng v\u1ee1<\/td>\n0,75 ng\u00e0y<\/td>\n1 ng\u00e0y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u00f5i nh\u00fang<\/td>\n0,75 ng\u00e0y<\/td>\n1 ng\u00e0y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u00f5i kh\u00f3a<\/td>\n0,65 ng\u00e0y<\/td>\n0,75 ng\u00e0y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u00f5i Drive-in<\/td>\n0,5 ng\u00e0y<\/td>\n0,75 ng\u00e0y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n
Ghi ch\u00fa: t_p \u2013 \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111inh t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u00f4; t_c \u2013 \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111inh t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00ecm; d \u2013 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh danh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u0111inh t\u00e1n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tfoot>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea3ng 2: \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 t\u1ea5m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng l\u00f3t<\/caption>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u0111inh t\u00e1n danh ngh\u0129a d<\/th>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 d_h2 t\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/th>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 d_h2 min<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
2.4<\/td>\n2.6<\/td>\n2.55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n3.2<\/td>\n3.15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3.2<\/td>\n3.4<\/td>\n3.35<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\n4.2<\/td>\n4.15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4.8<\/td>\n4.95<\/td>\n4.9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\n5.2<\/td>\n5.15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\n6.2<\/td>\n6.15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6.4<\/td>\n6.6<\/td>\n6.55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n
L\u01b0u \u00fd: d_h2 \u2013 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tfoot>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y trong B\u1ea3ng 1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo lo\u1ea1i l\u00f5i \u0111inh t\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng l\u00f3t h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111inh t\u00e1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng s\u1edbm. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 trong B\u1ea3ng 2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111inh t\u00e1n danh ngh\u0129a, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1 qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111inh t\u00e1n kh\u00e1c nhau. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111inh t\u00e1n kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u00f4 ra ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00ecm, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng n\u00e2ng cao trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c mang l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n

Gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111inh t\u00e1n<\/h2>\n

\u0110inh t\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gh\u00e9p hai t\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng l\u00f3t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eabu th\u1eed, tu\u00e2n theo quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t do nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5m l\u1eafp r\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u00e1n t\u1ed1i \u0111a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u0111inh t\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111inh t\u00e1n sau khi \u0111\u00f3ng. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt nh\u01b0 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c c\u1ee5m chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u00e1y th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (GB\/T 3722, GB\/T 16491 ho\u1eb7c JB\/T 9375), v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh d\u1ecdc theo m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng c\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ee5c k\u00e9o. T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 7-13 mm\/ph\u00fat cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi x\u1ea3y ra h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, ghi nh\u1eadn t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a \u0111inh t\u00e1n. H\u01b0 h\u1ecfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, cho ph\u00e9p thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u0129nh. Vi\u1ec7c ghi l\u1ea1i t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed1i \u0111a cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra nghi\u1ec7m thu theo l\u00f4 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111inh t\u00e1n ng\u1eafn<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111inh t\u00e1n c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u00e1n t\u1ed1i \u0111a ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n hai l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u trong B\u1ea3ng 1, t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m\/\u1ed1ng l\u00f3t b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u1ed1i \u0111a. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m c\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng hay b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng s\u1edbm.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111inh t\u00e1n b\u1ecb g\u00e3y \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u ho\u1eb7c cao h\u01a1n, th\u00ec \u0111inh t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n
  2. N\u1ebfu \u0111inh t\u00e1n c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u tr\u1edf l\u00ean, th\u00ec \u0111inh t\u00e1n v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed1i \u0111a.<\/li>\n
  3. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0ng \u0111inh t\u00e1n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn.<\/li>\n
  4. N\u1ebfu \u0111inh t\u00e1n b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p (FAQ)<\/h2>\n
    \n
    \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i trong GB\/T 3098.18?<\/dt>\n
    C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, trong khi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i cung c\u1ea5p k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1c l\u00f3t m\u1edbi cho m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/dd>\n
    <\/dd>\n
    N\u00ean lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c \u0111\u0129a th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/dt>\n
    N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, m\u00f2n, h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1ed1i \u0111a trong B\u1ea3ng 2, h\u00e3y lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/dd>\n
    <\/dd>\n
    C\u1ea7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/dt>\n
    Di chuy\u1ec3n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 7-13 mm\/ph\u00fat cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi x\u1ea3y ra h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u0129nh.<\/dd>\n
    <\/dd>\n
    \u0110inh t\u00e1n ng\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/dt>\n
    S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u00e1n \u0111inh t\u1ed1i \u0111a; \u0111\u1ea1t\/kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c \u0111inh t\u00e1n b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc so v\u1edbi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u.<\/dd>\n
    <\/dd>\n
    T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m?<\/dt>\n
    \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng \u2265420 HV30 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m v\u00e0 \u2265700 HV30 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1c l\u00f3t gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111inh t\u00e1n.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n

     <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Introduction to Shear and Tensile Testing The GB\/T 3098.18 standard specifies test methods for evaluating the mechanical properties of blind rivets, particularly core-pulling (draw-core) and drive (hit-core) types. These tests focus on shear and tensile strength, which are critical for ensuring the reliability of fasteners in various industrial applications such as aerospace, automotive, and construction. […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[220],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5676","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technical-documentation-and-references"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5676","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5676"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5676\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5679,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5676\/revisions\/5679"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5676"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5676"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5676"}],"curies":[{"name":"trang web","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}