{"id":5665,"date":"2025-12-23T05:15:36","date_gmt":"2025-12-23T05:15:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/?p=5665"},"modified":"2025-12-23T05:15:36","modified_gmt":"2025-12-23T05:15:36","slug":"gb-t-3098-21-2014-stainless-steel-self-tapping-screws-mechanical-properties","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/blog\/gb-t-3098-21-2014-stainless-steel-self-tapping-screws-mechanical-properties\/","title":{"rendered":"GB\/T 3098.21-2014: \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a v\u00edt t\u1ef1 ren b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 3098.21-2014<\/h2>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 3098.21-2014 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a v\u00edt t\u1ef1 ren b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, n\u01a1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. V\u00edt t\u1ef1 ren b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ren trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ef1a, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhu c\u1ea7u khoan l\u1ed7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit, martenit v\u00e0 ferrit, n\u00eau chi ti\u1ebft gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 cacbon, crom v\u00e0 niken \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 x\u1ea3y ra \u0103n m\u00f2n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m theo GB\/T 4334 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 A3 v\u00e0 A5 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a A2 v\u00e0 A4. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, n\u01a1i \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn chung, vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u00edt t\u1ef1 ren b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0103n m\u00f2n. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n xo\u1eafn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ren, nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra nghi\u1ec7m thu. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1edd h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom cao, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n nh\u1edd c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p mactenxit. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt.<\/p>\n

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  • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n
  • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n xo\u1eafn.<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady.<\/li>\n
  • Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    V\u1edbi h\u01a1n 500 t\u1eeb gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft, ph\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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    Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n

    Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong v\u00edt t\u1ef1 ren r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 3098.21-2014, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong B\u1ea3ng 2, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 3098.6-2014 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m li\u00ean quan. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

    Th\u00e9p Austenit (nh\u00f3m A2, A3, A4, A5) c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi nh\u1edd h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng niken v\u00e0 crom cao. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 15% \u0111\u1ebfn 20% trong th\u00e9p A2, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a cacbua, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0103n m\u00f2n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n, n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a titan ho\u1eb7c niobi \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft cacbon v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

    Th\u00e9p mactenxit (C1, C3) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao h\u01a1n nh\u1edd x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t, v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 0,25% trong C3 gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n. Lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p austenit. Th\u00e9p ferrit (F1) c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 18%, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0103n m\u00f2n nh\u1eb9.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c ghi ch\u00fa trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0m r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i \u0111a tr\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 molypden c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n r\u1ed7 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00e9p austenit cacbon th\u1ea5p (C \u2264 0,03%), nit\u01a1 l\u00ean \u200b\u200b\u0111\u1ebfn 0,22% \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 titan (\u22655\u00d7C% \u0111\u1ebfn 0,8%) ho\u1eb7c niobi\/tantalum (\u226510\u00d7C% \u0111\u1ebfn 1,0%) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh cho th\u00e9p A3 v\u00e0 A5 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e2u d\u00e0i trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1eaft khe. Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 th\u00e9p song pha v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. X\u00e1c minh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng qua ph\u00e2n t\u00edch trong n\u1ed3i n\u1ea5u ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/li>\n
    2. C\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5p h\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n
    3. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t n\u1ebfu c\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      B\u1ea3ng 2: Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/caption>\n
      Lo\u1ea1i<\/th>\nNh\u00f3m<\/th>\nTh\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc (ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng)\/%<\/th>\nGhi ch\u00fa<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      C<\/th>\nSi<\/th>\nMn<\/th>\nP<\/th>\nS<\/th>\nCr<\/th>\nMo<\/th>\nNi<\/th>\n\u0110\u1ed3ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      Austenit<\/td>\nA2<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n0.05<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n15~20<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n8~19<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n\u0111\u0129a CD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

      <\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

      \n

      T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n

      C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 3098.21-2014 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u00edt t\u1ef1 ren b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00e9p mactenxit, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng l\u00f5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00e9p austenit v\u00e0 ferrit, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n xo\u1eafn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ren. Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra nghi\u1ec7m thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

      \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a v\u00edt mactenit, v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb HV t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 300 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi C1 (30H) v\u00e0 400 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi C3 (40H). \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng l\u00f5i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n b\u00ean trong, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m austenit y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 200 HV \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 20H v\u00e0 250 HV \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 25H. C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n xo\u1eafn \u0111o m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ren v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng xo\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

      Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ren x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng v\u00edt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ren m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ren. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady trong c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m l\u1eafp r\u00e1p. C\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng l\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1o ren.<\/p>\n

      C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u1ed1c v\u00edt cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c \u0103n m\u00f2n. X\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p mactenxit gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y, trong khi l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gia c\u00f4ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p austenit.<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n<\/section>\n

      <\/section>\n
      \n

      C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n
      \n
      M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 3098.21-2014 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/dt>\n
      Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a v\u00edt t\u1ef1 ren b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/dd>\n
      Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/dt>\n
      H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom v\u00e0 niken cao t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7; h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea5p ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u0103n m\u00f2n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t.<\/dd>\n
      C\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn?<\/dt>\n
      Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n xo\u1eafn v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c khi g\u00f5 theo c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/dd>\n
      Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh?<\/dt>\n
      Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 \u0103n m\u00f2n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n axit.<\/dd>\n
      L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn nh\u00f3m th\u00e9p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p?<\/dt>\n
      D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n (austenit) ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng (martensit).<\/dd>\n
      Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 g\u00ec trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n?<\/dt>\n
      Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u1eadp ngu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/section>\n<\/article>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Introduction to the GB\/T 3098.21-2014 Standard The GB\/T 3098.21-2014 standard specifies the mechanical properties of stainless steel self-tapping screws, focusing on their chemical composition and performance characteristics. This standard ensures that these fasteners meet rigorous requirements for use in various industries, such as construction, automotive, and electronics, where corrosion resistance and mechanical strength are critical. […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[220],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5665","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technical-documentation-and-references"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5665","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5665"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5665\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5667,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5665\/revisions\/5667"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5665"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5665"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5665"}],"curies":[{"name":"trang web","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}