{"id":5662,"date":"2025-12-23T05:13:32","date_gmt":"2025-12-23T05:13:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/?p=5662"},"modified":"2025-12-23T05:13:32","modified_gmt":"2025-12-23T05:13:32","slug":"gb-t-3098-22-2009-fine-grain-non-quenched-bolt-grades","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/blog\/gb-t-3098-22-2009-fine-grain-non-quenched-bolt-grades\/","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 3098.22-2009 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i bu l\u00f4ng h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n."},"content":{"rendered":"
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Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 3098.22-2009<\/span><\/div>\n
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Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 3098.22-2009 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a bu l\u00f4ng, v\u00edt v\u00e0 \u0111inh t\u00e1n l\u00e0m t\u1eeb th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4i v\u00e0 ram c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo cao m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p t\u00f4i v\u00e0 ram.<\/p>\n

\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ren t\u1eeb 5 mm \u0111\u1ebfn 16 mm, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 8.8F, 9.8F v\u00e0 10.9F, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 8.8F c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o danh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 800 MPa, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, trong khi c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 10.9F cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao h\u01a1n \u1edf m\u1ee9c 1000 MPa danh ngh\u0129a cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1eaft khe h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 b\u1eaft v\u00edt k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n nh\u1edd c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 lan truy\u1ec1n v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 MFT8, MFT9 v\u00e0 MFT10, m\u1ed7i c\u1ea5p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn x\u1eed l\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 10\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 35\u00b0C, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m va \u0111\u1eadp \u1edf -20\u00b0C \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 \u00f4 t\u00f4, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh sau khi gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn chung, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 3098.22-2009 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ISO 898, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec1 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt nh\u01b0 GB\/T 5779.1, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i do s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p. Khung ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1eeb l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u01a1 kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c A c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 m\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t ferit v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c m\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 MFT8, MFT9 v\u00e0 MFT10 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon, mangan, silic v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 niobi ho\u1eb7c vanadi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 tinh ch\u1ec9nh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t ferit ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n ASTM 8 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c thanh th\u00e9p d\u00f9ng cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh ngu\u1ed9i duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p bao g\u1ed3m bu l\u00f4ng, v\u00edt, \u0111inh t\u00e1n v\u00e0 thanh c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ren danh ngh\u0129a t\u1eeb 5 mm \u0111\u1ebfn 16 mm. B\u1ea3ng 2 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng:<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9<\/th>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ren danh ngh\u0129a (mm)<\/th>\nC\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng<\/th>\nS\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
MFT8<\/td>\n5~16<\/td>\n8.8F, 08.8F<\/td>\nBu l\u00f4ng, \u1ed1c v\u00edt, \u0111inh t\u00e1n v\u00e0 thanh kim lo\u1ea1i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
MFT9<\/td>\n5~16<\/td>\n9.8F, 09.8F<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
MFT10<\/td>\n5~16<\/td>\n10.9F, 010.9F<\/td>\n\u0110inh t\u00e1n v\u00e0 thanh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb bao g\u1ed3m x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh sau khi t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c B cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u00e2y th\u00e9p c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p, bao g\u1ed3m \u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n th\u00eam l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ed5 sung, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f2n hydro, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao. C\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc chi ti\u1ebft ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n k\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 ISO 9001. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9ng, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c xe c\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd theo B\u1ea3ng 3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 10\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 35\u00b0C, v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m va \u0111\u1eadp Charpy \u1edf -20\u00b0C. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o (Rm) c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p m\u00e1c 8.8F t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 800 MPa, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i 0,2% (Rp0,2), r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo. \u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i (Sp) cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n, v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 0,91 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 8,8F. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i (A) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch (Z), \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng chi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb g\u00e3y gi\u00f2n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e9p th\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng (Vickers, Brinell, Rockwell) x\u00e1c minh t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m vi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n gi\u00fap tr\u00e1nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u qu\u00e1 gi\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 m\u1ec1m. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng va \u0111\u1eadp (KV) t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 27 J \u1edf -20\u00b0C x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1nh. C\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 5779.1.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
M\u00e3 s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/th>\nT\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/th>\nC\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
8.8 \u0111\u1ed9 F<\/th>\n9,8 \u0111\u1ed9 F<\/th>\n10,9 \u0111\u1ed9 F<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o Rm\/MPa<\/td>\nDanh ngh\u0129aM\u1ed9t<\/sup><\/td>\n800<\/td>\n900<\/td>\n1000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ph\u00fat<\/td>\n800<\/td>\n900<\/td>\n1040<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n\u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 0,2%, Rp0,2\/MPa<\/td>\nDanh ngh\u0129aM\u1ed9t<\/sup><\/td>\n640<\/td>\n720<\/td>\n900<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ph\u00fat<\/td>\n640<\/td>\n720<\/td>\n940<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n\u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t th\u1eed Spb<\/sup>\/MPa<\/td>\nDanh ngh\u0129a<\/td>\n580<\/td>\n650<\/td>\n830<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t th\u1eed Sp, danh ngh\u0129a \/ Rp0,2 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n0.9<\/td>\n0.88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i sau khi g\u00e3y A\/%<\/td>\nph\u00fat<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch Z\/%<\/td>\nph\u00fat<\/td>\n52<\/td>\n48<\/td>\n48<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ea7u kh\u1ecfe<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb g\u00e3y x\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng Vickers HV F\u226598N<\/td>\nph\u00fat<\/td>\n250<\/td>\n290<\/td>\n320<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
t\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/td>\n320<\/td>\n360<\/td>\n380<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng Brinell HBW F=30D\u00b2<\/td>\nph\u00fat<\/td>\n238<\/td>\n276<\/td>\n304<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
t\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/td>\n304<\/td>\n342<\/td>\n361<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng Rockwell HRC<\/td>\nph\u00fat<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n28<\/td>\n32<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
t\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/td>\n32<\/td>\n37<\/td>\n39<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\nM\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn g\u00e3y MB\/Nm<\/td>\nph\u00fat<\/td>\nXem GB\/T 3098.13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\nN\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng va ch\u1ea1m KV\u0111\u0129a CD<\/sup>\/J<\/td>\nph\u00fat<\/td>\n27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/td>\nC\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/td>\nGB\/T 5779.1e<\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Ghi ch\u00fa: M\u1ed9t<\/sup> Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb danh ngh\u0129a d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u. b<\/sup> Xem B\u1ea3ng 5 v\u00e0 7 \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. c<\/sup> \u1ede -20\u00b0C. d<\/sup> V\u1edbi d=16 mm. e<\/sup> GB\/T 5779.3 theo th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ecfi chu k\u1ef3 cao. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n va \u0111\u1eadp v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng rung \u0111\u1ed9ng. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u01b0u \u00fd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4 c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y n\u00eau r\u00f5 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh, bao g\u1ed3m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u00e9o, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 va \u0111\u1eadp. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 \u1ed1c v\u00edt kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u1edbi Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u00e9o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c Rm v\u00e0 Rp0.2.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u1ed1c v\u00edt ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng Sp m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t. Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m va \u0111\u1eadp s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eabu Charpy V-notch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o KV \u1edf -20\u00b0C, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u00e3y gi\u00f2n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t bao g\u1ed3m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc; c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0 GB\/T 5779.3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1eabu v\u1eadt theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/li>\n
  2. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n
  3. Ghi l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong B\u1ea3ng 3.<\/li>\n
  4. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ren \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
    • C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh ngu\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n
    • C\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \n

      B\u1ea3ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng cho ren th\u00f4 v\u00e0 ren m\u1ecbn<\/h2>\n

      B\u1ea3ng 4 \u0111\u1ebfn 7 cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng k\u00e9o t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m cho ren th\u00f4 v\u00e0 ren m\u1ecbn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t danh ngh\u0129a (As,nom). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m theo Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c A c\u1ee7a GB\/T 5267.3.<\/p>\n

      B\u1ea3ng 4: T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng k\u00e9o t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ren th\u00f4 (Fm,min = As,nom \u00d7 Rm,min \/ N).<\/p>\n

      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ren d<\/th>\nDi\u1ec7n t\u00edch ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t danh ngh\u0129a As,nom \/ mm\u00b2<\/th>\nC\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      8.8 \u0111\u1ed9 F<\/th>\n9,8 \u0111\u1ed9 F<\/th>\n10,9 \u0111\u1ed9 F<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      L\u1ef1c k\u00e9o t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u Fm,min \/ N<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      M5<\/td>\n14.2<\/td>\n11360<\/td>\n12780<\/td>\n14768<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M6<\/td>\n20.1<\/td>\n16080<\/td>\n18090<\/td>\n20904<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M7<\/td>\n28.9<\/td>\n23120<\/td>\n26010<\/td>\n30056<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M8<\/td>\n36.6<\/td>\n29280<\/td>\n32940<\/td>\n38064<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M10<\/td>\n58<\/td>\n46400<\/td>\n52200<\/td>\n60320<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M12<\/td>\n84.3<\/td>\n67440<\/td>\n75870<\/td>\n87672<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M14<\/td>\n115<\/td>\n92000<\/td>\n103500<\/td>\n119600<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M16<\/td>\n157<\/td>\n125600<\/td>\n141300<\/td>\n163280<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

      B\u1ea3ng 5: T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m cho ren th\u00f4 (Fp = As,nom \u00d7 Sp \/ N). Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ren d<\/th>\nDi\u1ec7n t\u00edch ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t danh ngh\u0129a As,nom \/ mm\u00b2<\/th>\nC\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      8.8 \u0111\u1ed9 F<\/th>\n9,8 \u0111\u1ed9 F<\/th>\n10,9 \u0111\u1ed9 F<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m Fp \/ N<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      M5<\/td>\n14.2<\/td>\n8240<\/td>\n9230<\/td>\n11790<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M6<\/td>\n20.1<\/td>\n11660<\/td>\n13070<\/td>\n16680<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M7<\/td>\n28.9<\/td>\n16760<\/td>\n18790<\/td>\n23990<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M8<\/td>\n36.6<\/td>\n21230<\/td>\n23790<\/td>\n30380<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M10<\/td>\n58<\/td>\n33640<\/td>\n37700<\/td>\n48140<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M12<\/td>\n84.3<\/td>\n48890<\/td>\n54800<\/td>\n69970<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M14<\/td>\n115<\/td>\n66700<\/td>\n74750<\/td>\n95450<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M16<\/td>\n157<\/td>\n91060<\/td>\n102050<\/td>\n130310<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

      B\u1ea3ng 6: L\u1ef1c k\u00e9o t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n

      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ren d\u00d7p<\/th>\nDi\u1ec7n t\u00edch ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t danh ngh\u0129a As,nom \/ mm\u00b2<\/th>\nC\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      8.8 \u0111\u1ed9 F<\/th>\n9,8 \u0111\u1ed9 F<\/th>\n10,9 \u0111\u1ed9 F<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      L\u1ef1c k\u00e9o t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u Fm,min \/ N<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      M8\u00d71<\/td>\n39.2<\/td>\n31360<\/td>\n35280<\/td>\n40768<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M10\u00d71<\/td>\n64.5<\/td>\n51600<\/td>\n58050<\/td>\n67080<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M10\u00d71.25<\/td>\n61.2<\/td>\n48960<\/td>\n55080<\/td>\n63648<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M12\u00d71.25<\/td>\n92.1<\/td>\n73680<\/td>\n82890<\/td>\n95784<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M12\u00d71.5<\/td>\n88.1<\/td>\n70480<\/td>\n79290<\/td>\n91624<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M14\u00d71.5<\/td>\n125<\/td>\n100000<\/td>\n112500<\/td>\n130000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M16\u00d71.5<\/td>\n167<\/td>\n133600<\/td>\n150300<\/td>\n173680<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

      B\u1ea3ng 7: T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n

      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ren d\u00d7p<\/th>\nDi\u1ec7n t\u00edch ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t danh ngh\u0129a As,nom \/ mm\u00b2<\/th>\nC\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      8.8 \u0111\u1ed9 F<\/th>\n9,8 \u0111\u1ed9 F<\/th>\n10,9 \u0111\u1ed9 F<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m Fp \/ N<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      M8\u00d71<\/td>\n39.2<\/td>\n22740<\/td>\n25480<\/td>\n32540<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M10\u00d71<\/td>\n64.5<\/td>\n37410<\/td>\n41930<\/td>\n53540<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M10\u00d71.25<\/td>\n61.2<\/td>\n35490<\/td>\n39780<\/td>\n50800<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M12\u00d71.25<\/td>\n92.1<\/td>\n53420<\/td>\n59870<\/td>\n76440<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M12\u00d71.5<\/td>\n88.1<\/td>\n51090<\/td>\n57270<\/td>\n73120<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M14\u00d71.5<\/td>\n125<\/td>\n72500<\/td>\n81250<\/td>\n103750<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M16\u00d71.5<\/td>\n167<\/td>\n96860<\/td>\n108550<\/td>\n138610<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

      C\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1edbc an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u0111a. As,nom \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo m\u1ee5c 9.1.6.1.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \n

      Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c v\u00e0 Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/h2>\n

      Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c A tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, bao g\u1ed3m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t cho c\u00e1c m\u00e1c th\u00e9p t\u1eeb MFT8 \u0111\u1ebfn MFT10. Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c B \u0111\u01b0a ra h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng d\u00e2y th\u00e9p c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 sau khi t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

      C\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb bao g\u1ed3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecbn c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t, tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u00f4 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, h\u00e3y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \n

      C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n
      \n
      Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4i h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/dt>\n
      N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t ferit m\u1ecbn, mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u00f4i v\u00e0 ram, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 3098.22-2009.<\/dd>\n
      \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u1ed1c v\u00edt th\u00e9p t\u00f4i v\u00e0 ram nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/dt>\n
      C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh mong mu\u1ed1n, mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, trong khi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p t\u00f4i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng.<\/dd>\n
      C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt n\u00e0y c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/dt>\n
      \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh danh ngh\u0129a t\u1eeb 5 mm \u0111\u1ebfn 16 mm, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1c th\u00e9p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 10.9F ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho bu l\u00f4ng v\u00e0 thanh.<\/dd>\n
      \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n va \u0111\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/dt>\n
      S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Charpy V-notch \u1edf -20\u00b0C, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 27 J cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh d=16 mm, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p.<\/dd>\n
      Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p n\u00e0o ph\u00e1t sinh do c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t?<\/dt>\n
      C\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt nh\u01b0 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i; ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tham chi\u1ebfu GB\/T 5779.1 v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7m thu.<\/dd>\n
      C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng?<\/dt>\n
      \u0110\u00fang v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ren 6g\/6az m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c A c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 5267.3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Introduction to the GB\/T 3098.22-2009 Standard The GB\/T 3098.22-2009 standard specifies the mechanical properties for bolts, screws, and studs made from fine-grain non-quenched and tempered steel. This standard is essential for ensuring the reliability and performance of fasteners in various mechanical applications, particularly where high strength and ductility are required without traditional heat treatment processes. […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[220],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5662","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technical-documentation-and-references"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5662","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5662"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5662\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5664,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5662\/revisions\/5664"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5662"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5662"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5662"}],"curies":[{"name":"trang web","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}