{"id":5619,"date":"2025-12-23T01:14:14","date_gmt":"2025-12-23T01:14:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/?p=5619"},"modified":"2025-12-23T01:16:07","modified_gmt":"2025-12-23T01:16:07","slug":"gb-t-90-1-2023-fasteners-acceptance-inspection","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/blog\/gb-t-90-1-2023-fasteners-acceptance-inspection\/","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 90.1-2023 Ki\u1ec3m tra nghi\u1ec7m thu \u1ed1c v\u00edt"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 90.1-2023 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u01a1 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u201cChi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p \u2013 Ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn\u201d, r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ho\u1eb7c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 90.1-2023 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb ISO 3269:2019, thay th\u1ebf phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n GB\/T 90.1-2002 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt n\u00e0y t\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i chi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p, bao g\u1ed3m bu l\u00f4ng, \u1ed1c v\u00edt, \u0111ai \u1ed1c, v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m, ch\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111inh t\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 \u00f4 t\u00f4, h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c.<\/p>\n

Trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ki\u1ec3m tra nghi\u1ec7m thu \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia thu mua \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao an to\u00e0n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c l\u00f4 ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean thu mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa t\u00ednh k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n

H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt kh\u00e1c nhau. Vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0i h\u00f2a v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n GB\/T 90.1-2023 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh qua c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p trong ng\u00e0nh, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra nghi\u1ec7m thu nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t thu h\u1ed3i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m. Ph\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, trang b\u1ecb cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vai tr\u00f2 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/h2>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 90.1-2023 cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m tra nghi\u1ec7m thu c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh n\u0103m 2023, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y thay th\u1ebf GB\/T 90.1-2002 v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi ISO 3269:2019, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u qu\u1ed1c gia. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c l\u00f4 ki\u1ec3m tra, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i chi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 ren ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 ren trong, v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m, ch\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111inh t\u00e1n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00f4 ki\u1ec3m tra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bc\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng trong k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng, ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7i b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y n\u00eau r\u00f5 ba lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh: Lo\u1ea1i 1 d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y; Lo\u1ea1i 2 d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh cho ph\u00e9p l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i ban \u0111\u1ea7u; v\u00e0 Lo\u1ea1i 3 d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c sai s\u00f3t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i sau khi ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i khi c\u00e1c b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m tra. T\u1ed5ng quan n\u00e0y n\u00eau b\u1eadt vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ISO 9001, trong \u0111\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m tra nghi\u1ec7m thu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, GB\/T 90.1-2023 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c trong chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o ki\u1ec3m tra theo t\u1eebng l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gi\u00fap truy t\u00ecm l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean thu mua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p. Nh\u00ecn chung, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u0103n h\u00f3a ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1ed1c v\u00edt. (S\u1ed1 t\u1eeb: 378)<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh so v\u1edbi phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h2>\n

So v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 90.1-2002, phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103m 2023 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 l\u00f4 ki\u1ec3m tra, nay y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1 l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung n\u00e0y c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng, gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecf s\u00f3t c\u00e1c sai s\u00f3t trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1eabu nh\u1ecf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn (Ac) b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft trong B\u1ea3ng 1 v\u00e0 Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c A. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eabu hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9m linh ho\u1ea1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch bao g\u1ed3m ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 ren ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 ren trong \u1edf B\u1ea3ng 2. S\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2002.<\/p>\n

H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf trung l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m tra. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, gi\u00fap ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u00edch \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, n\u01a1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n cung \u1ee9ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao c\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u1ed7i th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00e2u mua s\u1eafm, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh ch\u1ec9nh cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh cam k\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed1c v\u00edt. (S\u1ed1 t\u1eeb: 312)<\/p>\n

K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 90.1-2023 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1eb1m ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c l\u00f4 \u1ed1c v\u00edt, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro. C\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ba c\u1ea5p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh, v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo quy m\u00f4 l\u00f4 (N). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh Lo\u1ea1i 1, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 Ac=0 v\u00e0 Re=1, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt n\u00e0o c\u0169ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf. Lo\u1ea1i 2 cho ph\u00e9p l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ban \u0111\u1ea7u, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh. Lo\u1ea1i 3 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf (Ac=1 tr\u1edf l\u00ean) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. B\u1ea3ng 1 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu:<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng N<\/th>\nK\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eabu n, S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn Ac v\u00e0 S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i Re<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u1edbp 1M\u1ed9t<\/sup><\/th>\nL\u1edbp 2b<\/sup><\/th>\nL\u1edbp 3c<\/sup><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1eabu ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/th>\nM\u1eabu th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Ac=0, Re=1<\/th>\nAc=0, Re=2<\/th>\nAc=0, Re=1<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
2~50<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n4<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
51~90<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n5 Ac=1, Re=2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
91~150<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n6 Ac=1, Re=2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
151~280<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n7 Ac=1, Re=2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
281~500<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n9<\/td>\n9<\/td>\n9 Ac=1, Re=2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
501~1200<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n11<\/td>\n11<\/td>\n11 Ac=1, Re=2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1201~3200<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n13<\/td>\n13<\/td>\n13 Ac=1, Re=2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3201~35000<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n15 Ac=2, Re=3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35001~500000<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n20 Ac=2, Re=3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
>500000<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n20 Ac=2, Re=3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

a. Lo\u1ea1i 1\u2014\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1edbi Ac=0. Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u1eed l\u00fd theo m\u1ee5c 6.2 v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c 6.3.<\/small><\/p>\n

b. Lo\u1ea1i 2\u2014\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1edbi Ac=0 nh\u01b0ng cho ph\u00e9p l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p. N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i ban \u0111\u1ea7u, l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu l\u1ea1i; ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i n\u00e0o trong l\u1ea7n l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p.<\/small><\/p>\n

c. Lo\u1ea1i 3\u2014\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1edbi Ac \u22651, xem B\u1ea3ng 2. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/small><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean r\u1ee7i ro, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7m thu c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao. (S\u1ed1 t\u1eeb: 456)<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c ki\u1ec3m tra<\/h2>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 90.1-2023 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u1ed1c v\u00edt th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p 1, 2 v\u00e0 3, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh quan tr\u1ecdng, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m tra. B\u1ea3ng 2 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u1ed1c v\u00edt kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u1ed1c v\u00edt<\/th>\nC\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 ren ngo\u00e0i<\/th>\nC\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 ren trong<\/th>\nM\u00e1y gi\u1eb7t<\/th>\nGhim<\/th>\n\u0110inh t\u00e1n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eaft<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u00e1c (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t)<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n\u1ed4 \u0111\u0129a, r\u00e3nh v\u00e0 khe c\u1eafm<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chi\u1ec1u cao<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh chu\u00f4i<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i, Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i s\u1ee3i<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ren d (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1edbn cho ren ngo\u00e0i) D (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh nh\u1ecf cho ren trong)<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3\/kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p lu\u1ed3n ch\u1ec9<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u00e1c<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/td>\nM\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c k\u1eb9p<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c (th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y)<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c (kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y)<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

B\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, v\u1edbi H\u1ea1ng 1 d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro cao, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 khoan dung n\u00e0o. (S\u1ed1 t\u1eeb: 345)<\/p>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra nghi\u1ec7m thu<\/h2>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra nghi\u1ec7m thu theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 90.1-2023 tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u1ed1c v\u00edt. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00f4 ki\u1ec3m tra, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1 l\u00f4 v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Ch\u1ecdn ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eabu theo B\u1ea3ng 1, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh sai l\u1ec7ch.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra theo c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong B\u1ea3ng 2. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o), s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb Ac v\u00e0 Re; lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. Ghi ch\u00e9p t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy v\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu l\u1ea1i (Lo\u1ea1i 2), h\u00e3y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00f4 b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i, h\u00e3y tu\u00e2n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn x\u1eed l\u00fd trong ph\u1ea7n 6.2 v\u00e0 6.3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i 100% ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t sinh tranh ch\u1ea5p, vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i s\u1ebd li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/p>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1ch quan, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. (S\u1ed1 t\u1eeb: 302)<\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i<\/h2>\n

Khi m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 90.1-2023 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 theo m\u1ee5c 6.2 v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c 6.3. C\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn bao g\u1ed3m t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i sau khi ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m ki\u1ec3m tra theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n 100% \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng l\u00f4 m\u1edbi. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c lu\u1ed3n l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee7 l\u1ea1i l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, k\u00e8m theo vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c minh ti\u1ebfp theo. Vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt k\u00e9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 n\u00ean t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang v\u00e0o k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. (S\u1ed1 t\u1eeb: 301)<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 90.1-2023 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong> Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra nghi\u1ec7m thu c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra theo ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m thu\u1ed9c L\u1edbp 1 so v\u1edbi L\u1edbp 3?<\/strong> Lo\u1ea1i 1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Ac=0 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh quan tr\u1ecdng; Lo\u1ea1i 3 cho ph\u00e9p Ac\u22651 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ecf, cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n
  • N\u1ebfu l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/strong> Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc 6.2\/6.3: ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i 100%, l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, sau \u0111\u00f3 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng m\u1edbi n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n
  • T\u1ea1i sao s\u1ed1 l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng?<\/strong> N\u00f3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n
  • C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thanh tra kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong> \u0110\u00fang v\u1eady, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p trung l\u1eadp cho c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n
  • S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eabu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf?<\/strong> K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eabu hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng, gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec ti\u00eau ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Introduction The GB\/T 90.1-2023 standard represents a critical framework for ensuring the quality and reliability of fasteners in mechanical engineering and manufacturing sectors. This standard, titled “Fasteners\u2014Acceptance Inspection,” is essential for verifying that fasteners meet specified requirements before they are integrated into assemblies or products. It provides a systematic approach to sampling and inspection, minimizing […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[220],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5619","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technical-documentation-and-references"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5619","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5619"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5619\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5622,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5619\/revisions\/5622"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5619"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5619"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5619"}],"curies":[{"name":"trang web","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}