Bu makale, karbon ve ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7eliklerden \u00fcretilen c\u0131vata, vida ve saplamalar\u0131n mekanik \u00f6zelliklerine odaklanarak GB\/T 3098.1-2010 standard\u0131na kapsaml\u0131 bir genel bak\u0131\u015f sunmaktad\u0131r. Yap\u0131s\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n
GB\/T 3098.1-2010 standard\u0131, 10 \u00b0C ile 35 \u00b0C aras\u0131ndaki ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131nda test edilen karbon \u00e7eli\u011fi veya ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7elikten yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f c\u0131vata, vida ve saplamalar\u0131n mekanik ve fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerini belirtir. Bu standart, 1,6 mm ile 39 mm aras\u0131nda nominal di\u015f \u00e7ap\u0131na sahip ba\u011flant\u0131 elemanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir ve yap\u0131sal, otomotiv ve makine uygulamalar\u0131nda performans tutarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
\u00c7ekme dayan\u0131m\u0131, akma dayan\u0131m\u0131, uzama, sertlik ve di\u011fer \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctlere dayal\u0131 \u00f6zellik s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlayarak kalite kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi destekler. ISO 898-1:2009 ile uyumlu olup, uluslararas\u0131 uyumlulu\u011fu kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken \u00c7in \u00fcretim standartlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00f6zel gereksinimleri de kar\u015f\u0131lar.<\/p>\n
M\u00fclkiyet s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u015faretleme sistemi, aralar\u0131nda nokta bulunan iki rakam kullan\u0131r; soldaki rakam nominal \u00e7ekme dayan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 (R) g\u00f6sterir.M<\/sub>Sa\u011fdaki k\u0131s\u0131m, MPa cinsinden \u00e7ekme dayan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n 100'e b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesiyle elde edilen de\u011feri, sa\u011fdaki k\u0131s\u0131m ise akma oran\u0131n\u0131n 10 ile \u00e7arp\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilen de\u011feri temsil eder. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \"8.8\" 800 MPa \u00e7ekme dayan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve 0.8 akma oran\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder.<\/p>\n \u0130stenilen \u00f6zelliklere ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in malzemelerin kimyasal bile\u015fim s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na ve \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem gerekliliklerine uymas\u0131 gerekir. Bor, manganez veya krom gibi ilave elementler i\u00e7eren karbon \u00e7elikleri yayg\u0131nd\u0131r ve sertle\u015febilirli\u011fi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in minimum temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesi azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve 8.8'e e\u015fde\u011fer \u00f6zelliklere sahip ba\u011flant\u0131 elemanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \"08.8\" ibaresini kullan\u0131n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Notlar:<\/p>\n Bu \u00f6zellikler, malzeme se\u00e7imini y\u00f6nlendirerek ba\u011flant\u0131 elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n gerekli mukavemete ve hidrojen gevrekli\u011fi gibi ar\u0131za t\u00fcrlerine kar\u015f\u0131 dirence ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n Ba\u011flant\u0131 elemanlar\u0131, \u00e7ekme dayan\u0131m\u0131, akma dayan\u0131m\u0131, uzama, sertlik ve darbe enerjisi dahil olmak \u00fczere, ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda belirtilen mekanik \u00f6zelliklere sahip olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Uygunlu\u011fun do\u011frulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in test y\u00f6ntemleri a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Notlar:<\/p>\n Bu \u00f6zellikler, ba\u011flant\u0131 elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n belirtilen y\u00fckler alt\u0131nda performans g\u00f6stermesini sa\u011flar; \u00e7ekme ve sertlik testleri gibi testler ise kaliteyi do\u011frular. Y\u00fcksek mukavemetli uygulamalar i\u00e7in, y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesi \u00fczerindeki boyut etkilerini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurun.<\/p>\n Standart, tam boyutlu ba\u011flant\u0131 elemanlar\u0131na veya i\u015flenmi\u015f numunelere uygulanabilen do\u011frulama test y\u00f6ntemleri sunmaktad\u0131r. Karbon kayb\u0131 veya k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131k gibi ar\u0131zalar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in \u00e7evresel fakt\u00f6rler, montaj torku ve y\u00fczey i\u015flemleri dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu k\u0131lavuzlar, ba\u011flant\u0131 elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7imi ve test edilmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olarak mekanik aksamlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu, 800 MPa nominal \u00e7ekme dayan\u0131m\u0131 ve 0,8 akma dayan\u0131m\u0131 oran\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stererek, m\u00fchendislik tasar\u0131mlar\u0131nda se\u00e7im i\u00e7in standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f performans tan\u0131mlamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n Bor gibi ilave elementler i\u00e7eren kompozisyonlar, sertle\u015febilirli\u011fi art\u0131rarak daha y\u00fcksek mukavemet s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131na olanak sa\u011flarken, Tablo 2'deki s\u0131n\u0131rlara g\u00f6re k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in P ve S de\u011ferlerini s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n d \u2265 16 mm ve -20 \u00b0C'de minimum 27 J gerektiren s\u0131n\u0131flar i\u00e7in, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k uygulamalar\u0131nda toklu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirmek ve k\u0131r\u0131lgan ar\u0131zay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu durum mukavemeti azalt\u0131r; standart, y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesini korumak i\u00e7in maksimum tam dekarb\u00fcrizasyon derinli\u011fini 0,015 mm ve minimum dekarb\u00fcrize olmam\u0131\u015f y\u00fcksekli\u011fi belirtir.<\/p>\n ISO 898-1:2009'dan uyarlanm\u0131\u015f olup, benzer \u00f6zellik s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131na sahiptir ancak \u00c7in ba\u011flam\u0131na g\u00f6re uyarlanarak ba\u011flant\u0131 eleman\u0131 spesifikasyonlar\u0131nda k\u00fcresel birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilirli\u011fi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n \u00c7ekme, y\u00fck dayan\u0131m\u0131 ve kama \u00e7ekme testleri, \u00f6zellikle i\u015flenmi\u015f numunelerin ger\u00e7ek davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 yans\u0131tmayabilece\u011fi boyutlar i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya performans\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frular.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Introduction to GB\/T 3098.1-2010 Standard Article Outline This article provides a comprehensive overview of the GB\/T 3098.1-2010 standard, focusing on mechanical properties for bolts, screws, and studs made from carbon and alloy steels. The structure is as follows: Introduction to the Standard Marking System and Materials Mechanical and Physical Properties Application Guidelines and Test Applicability […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[220],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5720","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technical-documentation-and-references"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5720","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5720"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5720\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5722,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5720\/revisions\/5722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5720"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5720"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5720"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
\n \nOndal\u0131k Noktadan Sonraki Basamak<\/th>\n .6<\/th>\n .8<\/th>\n .9<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n Oran<\/td>\n 0.6<\/td>\n 0.8<\/td>\n 0.9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n \n
\n M\u00fclk S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131<\/th>\n Malzeme ve Is\u0131l \u0130\u015flem<\/th>\n Kimyasal Bile\u015fim S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 (% Pota Analizi)<\/th>\n Tavlama S\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 min (\u00b0C)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n \n C<\/th>\n P maks<\/th>\n S max<\/th>\n B maksimum<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n \n \ndakika<\/th>\n maksimum<\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n 4.6<\/td>\n Karbon \u00e7eli\u011fi veya katk\u0131 maddeli karbon \u00e7eli\u011fi<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.05<\/td>\n 0.06<\/td>\n Belirtilmemi\u015f<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 4.8<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.05<\/td>\n 0.06<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 5.6<\/td>\n 0.13<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.05<\/td>\n 0.06<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 5.8<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.05<\/td>\n 0.06<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 6.8<\/td>\n 0.15<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.05<\/td>\n 0.06<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 8.8<\/td>\n Katk\u0131 maddeleri (\u00f6rne\u011fin, B, Mn, Cr) i\u00e7eren, su verilmi\u015f ve temperlenmi\u015f karbon \u00e7eli\u011fi<\/td>\n 0.15<\/td>\n 0.4<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.003<\/td>\n 425<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve temperlenmi\u015f karbon \u00e7eli\u011fi<\/td>\n 0.25<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve temperlenmi\u015f ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7elik<\/td>\n 0.2<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 9.8<\/td>\n Katk\u0131 maddeleriyle sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve temperlenmi\u015f karbon \u00e7eli\u011fi<\/td>\n 0.15<\/td>\n 0.4<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.003<\/td>\n 425<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve temperlenmi\u015f karbon \u00e7eli\u011fi<\/td>\n 0.25<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve temperlenmi\u015f ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7elik<\/td>\n 0.2<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 10.9<\/td>\n Katk\u0131 maddeleriyle sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve temperlenmi\u015f karbon \u00e7eli\u011fi<\/td>\n 0.20<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.003<\/td>\n 425<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve temperlenmi\u015f karbon \u00e7eli\u011fi<\/td>\n 0.25<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve temperlenmi\u015f ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7elik<\/td>\n 0.2<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 12.9<\/td>\n Sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve temperlenmi\u015f ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7elik<\/td>\n 0.3<\/td>\n 0.5<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.003<\/td>\n 425<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 12.9<\/td>\n Katk\u0131 maddeleriyle sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve temperlenmi\u015f karbon \u00e7eli\u011fi<\/td>\n 0.28<\/td>\n 0.5<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.003<\/td>\n 380<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n \n
Mekanik ve Fiziksel \u00d6zellikler<\/h2>\n
\n
\n HAYIR.<\/th>\n Mekanik veya Fiziksel \u00d6zellik<\/th>\n M\u00fclk S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n \n 4.6<\/th>\n 4.8<\/th>\n 5.6<\/th>\n 5.8<\/th>\n 6.8<\/th>\n 8.8<\/th>\n 9,8 (d\u226416 mm)<\/th>\n 10.9<\/th>\n 12.9<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n \n \nd\u226416 mm<\/th>\n d>16 mm<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n 1<\/td>\n \u00c7ekme dayan\u0131m\u0131 RM<\/sub> (MPa)<\/td>\n isim<\/td>\n 400<\/td>\n 400<\/td>\n 500<\/td>\n 500<\/td>\n 600<\/td>\n 800<\/td>\n 800<\/td>\n 900<\/td>\n 1000<\/td>\n 1200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n dakika<\/td>\n 400<\/td>\n 420<\/td>\n 500<\/td>\n 520<\/td>\n 600<\/td>\n 800<\/td>\n 830<\/td>\n 900<\/td>\n 1040<\/td>\n 1220<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 2<\/td>\n Daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck akma dayan\u0131m\u0131 ReL<\/sub> (MPa)<\/td>\n isim<\/td>\n 240<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 300<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n dakika<\/td>\n 240<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 300<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 3<\/td>\n 0,2%'deki orant\u0131s\u0131z uzama R'deki gerilimp0.2<\/sub> (MPa)<\/td>\n isim<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 640<\/td>\n 640<\/td>\n 720<\/td>\n 900<\/td>\n 1080<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n dakika<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 640<\/td>\n 660<\/td>\n 720<\/td>\n 940<\/td>\n 1100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 4<\/td>\n Tam boyutlu R ba\u011flant\u0131 eleman\u0131 i\u00e7in 0,0048d orant\u0131s\u0131z uzamada gerilimpf<\/sub> (MPa)<\/td>\n isim<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 320<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 400<\/td>\n 480<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n dakika<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 340<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 420<\/td>\n 480<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 5<\/td>\n Kan\u0131t stresi SP<\/sub> (MPa)<\/td>\n isim<\/td>\n 225<\/td>\n 310<\/td>\n 280<\/td>\n 380<\/td>\n 440<\/td>\n 580<\/td>\n 600<\/td>\n 650<\/td>\n 830<\/td>\n 970<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Kan\u0131t gerilme oran\u0131<\/td>\n 0.94<\/td>\n 0.91<\/td>\n 0.93<\/td>\n 0.9<\/td>\n 0.92<\/td>\n 0.91<\/td>\n 0.91<\/td>\n 0.9<\/td>\n 0.88<\/td>\n 0.88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 6<\/td>\n \u0130\u015flenmi\u015f test par\u00e7alar\u0131 A (%) i\u00e7in k\u0131r\u0131lma sonras\u0131 uzama<\/td>\n dakika<\/td>\n 22<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 20<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 12<\/td>\n 12<\/td>\n 10<\/td>\n 9<\/td>\n 8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 7<\/td>\n \u0130\u015flenmi\u015f test par\u00e7alar\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u0131r\u0131lma sonras\u0131 alan azalmas\u0131 Z (%)<\/td>\n dakika<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 52<\/td>\n 52<\/td>\n 48<\/td>\n 48<\/td>\n 44<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 18<\/td>\n Y\u00fczey s\u00fcreksizlikleri<\/td>\n GB\/T 5779.1<\/td>\n GB\/T 5779.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n \n
Uygulama Y\u00f6nergeleri ve Test Uygulanabilirli\u011fi<\/h2>\n
\n
S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular (SSS)<\/h2>\n
\u201c8.8\u201d gibi \u00f6zellik s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u015faretlemesi ne anlama gelir?<\/h3>\n
Malzeme bile\u015fimleri ba\u011flant\u0131 eleman\u0131n\u0131n performans\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiler?<\/h3>\n
Etki testleri ne zaman yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/h3>\n
Dekarb\u00fcrizasyonun di\u015fler \u00fczerindeki etkileri nelerdir?<\/h3>\n
Bu standart, ISO 898-1 ile nas\u0131l uyumludur?<\/h3>\n
Tam boyutlu ba\u011flant\u0131 elemanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in hangi testler uygulanabilir?<\/h3>\n