{"id":5694,"date":"2025-12-24T01:00:17","date_gmt":"2025-12-24T01:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/?p=5694"},"modified":"2025-12-24T01:00:17","modified_gmt":"2025-12-24T01:00:17","slug":"gb-t-3098-14-2000-nut-expansion-test-for-fasteners","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/blog\/gb-t-3098-14-2000-nut-expansion-test-for-fasteners\/","title":{"rendered":"GB\/T 3098.14-2000 Ba\u011flant\u0131 Elemanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in Somun Genle\u015fme Testi"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

GB\/T 3098.14-2000 Standard\u0131na Giri\u015f<\/h2>\n

GB\/T 3098.14-2000 standard\u0131, \u00f6zellikle somun genle\u015fme testine odaklanarak, ba\u011flant\u0131 elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n mekanik \u00f6zelliklerini belirtir. Bu standart, \u00f6zellikle otomotiv, havac\u0131l\u0131k ve in\u015faat gibi sekt\u00f6rlerde, somunlar\u0131n mekanik gerilme alt\u0131nda s\u00fcnekli\u011fini ve b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Test, somunun erken ar\u0131za olmadan delik genle\u015fmesine dayanma yetene\u011fini de\u011ferlendirerek, malzeme se\u00e7imi ve kalite kontrol\u00fc i\u00e7in kritik veriler sa\u011flar. Mekanik malzeme uzman\u0131 olarak, bu prosed\u00fcr, performans s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131na uygunlu\u011fu do\u011frulamaya ve y\u00fcksek y\u00fck uygulamalar\u0131nda ar\u0131zalar\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n

Genle\u015fme testi, i\u00e7 di\u015fler \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131ktan ve konik bir mandrel somundan ge\u00e7irildikten sonra delik \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f y\u00fczdesini \u00f6l\u00e7er. Bu, somunlar\u0131n minimum genle\u015fme gereksinimlerini kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar ve malzemenin toklu\u011funu ve \u00e7atlamaya kar\u015f\u0131 direncini yans\u0131t\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Geni\u015fleme Testinin Prensibi<\/h2>\n

Bu prensip, nominal di\u015f \u00e7ap\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in i\u00e7 di\u015flerin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan konik bir mandrelin somuna itilmesini i\u00e7erir. Daha sonra delik \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki geni\u015fleme y\u00fczdesi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu i\u015flem, somunun s\u00fcnekli\u011fini de\u011ferlendirerek, belirtilen s\u0131n\u0131rlara kadar k\u0131r\u0131lmadan deforme olabildi\u011finden emin olunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Di\u015flerin nominal \u00e7apa (H12 tolerans\u0131) kadar \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131, numuneyi homojen test i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlar.<\/li>\n
  • Kal\u0131p yerle\u015ftirme i\u015flemi, genle\u015fme kuvvetlerini sim\u00fcle ederek malzemenin zay\u0131f noktalar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  • B\u00fcy\u00fcme y\u00fczdesinin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc, performans notlar\u0131na g\u00f6re ge\u00e7me\/kalma durumunu belirler.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Bu y\u00f6ntem, titre\u015fime e\u011filimli ortamlardaki somunlar i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc genel mekanik g\u00fcvenilirlikle do\u011frudan ili\u015fkilidir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    \n

    Test Mandren \u00d6zellikleri<\/h2>\n

    \u015eekil 1'de g\u00f6sterilen test mandreli, 6% veya 4% genle\u015fme \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (standart\u0131n 4. B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z). En az \u226545 HRC sertli\u011fe sahip olmal\u0131 ve konik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Ra=2,5 \u03bcm y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne kadar parlat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      \n
    • 6% geni\u015fletme i\u00e7in: Mil \u00e7ap\u0131 1,06D'ye kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir.<\/li>\n
    • 4% genle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in: Mil \u00e7ap\u0131 1,04D'ye kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir.<\/li>\n
    • D, nominal di\u015f \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 temsil eder; b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutlu k\u0131lavuz somunlar i\u00e7in D, artan ana \u00e7apa g\u00f6re ayarlan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Uygun mandrel haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, do\u011fru ve tekrarlanabilir sonu\u00e7lar sa\u011flayarak test s\u0131ras\u0131nda s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmeden kaynaklanan hatalar\u0131 en aza indirir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \n

      F\u0131nd\u0131k Numunesi Haz\u0131rlama<\/h2>\n

      Somun numunesinin di\u015fleri, H12 tolerans\u0131yla nominal di\u015f \u00e7ap\u0131na e\u015fit olacak \u015fekilde \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu haz\u0131rl\u0131k, somunun ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya deformasyon senaryolar\u0131n\u0131 sim\u00fcle ederek genle\u015fme testine etkili bir \u015fekilde tabi tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Hata olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in di\u015fleri hassas bir \u015fekilde \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n.<\/li>\n
      2. Numunenin \u00f6nceden hasar g\u00f6rmeden teste dayanabilece\u011finden emin olun.<\/li>\n
      3. Tahkim s\u00fcrecinde, tutarl\u0131l\u0131k tolerans\u0131na kesinlikle uyulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Haz\u0131rlanan numunelerin homojenli\u011fi incelenmelidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc farkl\u0131l\u0131klar genle\u015fme \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerini etkileyebilir ve mekanik \u00f6zelliklerin yanl\u0131\u015f de\u011ferlendirilmesine yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

        \n

        Test Prosed\u00fcr\u00fc<\/h2>\n

        Teste ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, mandrel \u00fczerine molibden dis\u00fclf\u00fcr (MoS\u2082) ya\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 uygulay\u0131n. \u015eekil 2'de g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi mandreli somun numunesine yerle\u015ftirin. Mandrelin silindirik k\u0131sm\u0131 somun deli\u011finden ge\u00e7ene kadar y\u00fck\u00fc yava\u015f\u00e7a, s\u00fcrekli ve e\u015f eksenli olarak uygulay\u0131n. Mandrelin \u00fcst ucunu s\u0131k\u0131ca sabitleyin. Tahkim testleri i\u00e7in yerle\u015ftirme h\u0131z\u0131 25 mm\/dak'y\u0131 ge\u00e7memelidir.<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Ya\u011flama s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmeyi azaltarak testin malzeme \u00f6zelliklerini do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde \u00f6l\u00e7mesini sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n
        • Kontroll\u00fc h\u0131z, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 etkileyebilecek dinamik etkileri \u00f6nler.<\/li>\n
        • E\u015fitsiz gerilim da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in e\u015f eksenli hizalama kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Bu y\u00f6ntem, f\u0131nd\u0131k performans\u0131 hakk\u0131nda g\u00fcvenilir veriler sa\u011flayarak \u00fcreticilere s\u00fcre\u00e7 iyile\u015ftirmelerinde yol g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

          \n

          De\u011ferlendirme Kriterleri<\/h2>\n

          Kuruyemi\u015flerin toplam genle\u015fme oran\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir:<\/p>\n

          \n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          Performans Notu<\/th>\nMinimum Geni\u015fleme (%)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
          4 ila 12<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          04 ve 05<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

          E\u011fer somun duvar\u0131 minimum genle\u015fme de\u011ferine ula\u015fmadan tamamen k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rsa, standartlara uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilir. \u0130tiraz durumunda, \u00e7atla\u011f\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki somunu kesin; ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131yorsa, kusurludur. Bu kriter, somunlar\u0131n belirtilen deformasyonlar alt\u0131nda yap\u0131sal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc korumas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

          \n

          S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Tork Somunlar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in \u00d6zel Durumlar<\/h2>\n

          GB\/T 3098.9 standard\u0131na uygun, s\u0131kma torklu somunlar i\u00e7in minimum genle\u015fme, B\u00f6l\u00fcm 4'te alt\u0131gen somunlar i\u00e7in belirtilen de\u011ferlerin %'sinden fazla olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ayarlama, s\u00fcnekli\u011fi etkileyebilecek tasar\u0131m \u00f6zelliklerini dikkate al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

          Bu somunlar\u0131n test edilmesi, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f yorumlanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in tork kilitleme mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n dikkatlice incelenmesini gerektirir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

          \n

          S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular (SSS)<\/h2>\n
            \n
          1. GB\/T 3098.14-2000 standard\u0131nda somun genle\u015fme testinin amac\u0131 nedir?<\/strong>
            \nBu test, somunlar\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131lmadan genle\u015fme yeteneklerini \u00f6l\u00e7erek s\u00fcnekliklerini de\u011ferlendirir ve uygulamalarda g\u00fcvenlik i\u00e7in gerekli mekanik performans \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131ndan emin olunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n
          2. Do\u011fru testler i\u00e7in mandrel nas\u0131l haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong>
            \nMoS\u2082 ya\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 uygulay\u0131n, minimum 45 HRC sertli\u011fe ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131n ve s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmeyi en aza indirerek g\u00fcvenilir genle\u015fme verileri elde etmek i\u00e7in konik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Ra=2,5 \u03bcm'ye kadar parlat\u0131n.<\/li>\n
          3. Farkl\u0131 performans seviyeleri i\u00e7in genle\u015fme s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/strong>
            \n4 ila 12. s\u0131n\u0131flar i\u00e7in minimum de\u011fer 6%'dir; 4 ve 5. s\u0131n\u0131flar i\u00e7in ise 4%'dir. Bu limitlerden \u00f6nce tam k\u0131r\u0131lma meydana gelirse ar\u0131za olu\u015fur.<\/li>\n
          4. S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f tork somunlar\u0131 i\u00e7in test nas\u0131l farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir?<\/strong>
            \nMinimum genle\u015fmeleri, GB\/T 3098.9 standard\u0131na g\u00f6re standart alt\u0131gen somun de\u011ferlerinin 20%'si ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r; bu s\u0131n\u0131rlama, s\u00fcnekli\u011fi azaltabilecek tork \u00f6zelliklerini de hesaba katmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n
          5. Tahkim testlerinde mandrel yerle\u015ftirme i\u00e7in hangi h\u0131z \u00f6nerilir?<\/strong>
            \nKontroll\u00fc ve tekrarlanabilir ko\u015fullar sa\u011flamak ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131labilecek dinamik y\u00fckleme etkilerinden ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in 25 mm\/dk'y\u0131 a\u015fmay\u0131n.<\/li>\n
          6. Di\u015f a\u00e7ma i\u015fleminin H12 tolerans\u0131na g\u00f6re yap\u0131lmas\u0131 neden \u00f6nemlidir?<\/strong>
            \nBa\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u200b\u200bdeli\u011fi \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 standartla\u015ft\u0131rarak, tutarl\u0131 genle\u015fme \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc ve numuneler aras\u0131nda adil kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n

             <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Introduction to the GB\/T 3098.14-2000 Standard GB\/T 3098.14-2000 specifies the mechanical properties of fasteners, focusing on the nut expansion test. This standard is essential for ensuring the ductility and integrity of nuts under mechanical stress, particularly in industries such as automotive, aerospace, and construction. The test evaluates the nut’s ability to withstand hole expansion without […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[220],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5694","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technical-documentation-and-references"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5694","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5694"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5694\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5696,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5694\/revisions\/5696"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5694"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5694"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5694"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}