{"id":5557,"date":"2025-12-19T08:17:10","date_gmt":"2025-12-19T08:17:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/?p=5557"},"modified":"2025-12-19T08:17:10","modified_gmt":"2025-12-19T08:17:10","slug":"mechanical-performance-standards-for-nuts-gb-t-3098-2-2015","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/pl\/blog\/mechanical-performance-standards-for-nuts-gb-t-3098-2-2015\/","title":{"rendered":"Normy wydajno\u015bci mechanicznej nakr\u0119tek: GB\/T 3098.2-2015"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"post-content\" style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.6; color: #333; max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 20px;\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 20px;\">Norma GB\/T 3098.2-2015 okre\u015bla w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci mechaniczne nakr\u0119tek z gwintem grubozwojnym wykonanych ze stali w\u0119glowej i stali stopowej, maj\u0105cych zastosowanie w in\u017cynierii og\u00f3lnej. Norma ta jest \u015bci\u015ble zgodna z normami mi\u0119dzynarodowymi, takimi jak ISO 898-2, zapewniaj\u0105c kompatybilno\u015b\u0107 w systemach element\u00f3w z\u0142\u0105cznych. Obejmuje ona klasy wytrzyma\u0142o\u015bci od 4 do 12, koncentruj\u0105c si\u0119 na obci\u0105\u017ceniu pr\u00f3bnym, sk\u0142adzie chemicznym, twardo\u015bci oraz kompatybilno\u015bci ze \u015brubami, wkr\u0119tami lub ko\u0142kami. Poni\u017cej przedstawiono szczeg\u00f3\u0142owe om\u00f3wienie kluczowych aspekt\u00f3w wraz z danymi zaczerpni\u0119tymi z normy, kt\u00f3re umo\u017cliwiaj\u0105 precyzyjne odniesienie.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 24px; margin-top: 40px; margin-bottom: 15px; color: #0056b3;\">Warto\u015bci obci\u0105\u017cenia pr\u00f3bnego dla nakr\u0119tek z gwintem grubym<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 15px;\">Obci\u0105\u017cenie pr\u00f3bne oznacza maksymalne obci\u0105\u017cenie, jakie nakr\u0119tka mo\u017ce wytrzyma\u0107 bez trwa\u0142ego odkszta\u0142cenia, czyli minimaln\u0105 wytrzyma\u0142o\u015b\u0107 na rozci\u0105ganie, jak\u0105 musi wytrzyma\u0107. Jednostk\u0105 jest niuton (N). Poni\u017csza tabela zawiera warto\u015bci obci\u0105\u017cenia pr\u00f3bnego dla r\u00f3\u017cnych rozmiar\u00f3w gwint\u00f3w i klas wytrzyma\u0142o\u015bci.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 14px; text-align: center;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Nitka<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Poziom<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Klasa 04 (N)<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Klasa 05 (N)<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Klasa 5 (N)<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Klasa 6 (N)<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Klasa 8 (N)<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Klasa 10 (N)<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Klasa 12 (N)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M5<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.8<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">5400<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">7100<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">8250<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">9500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">12140<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">14800<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">16300<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M6<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">7640<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">10000<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">11700<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">13500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">17200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">20900<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">23100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">11000<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">14500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">16800<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">19400<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">24700<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">30100<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">33200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M8<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">1.25<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">13900<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">18300<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">21600<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">24900<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">31800<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">38100<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">42500<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M10<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">1.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">22000<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">29000<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">34200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">39400<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">50500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">60300<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">67300<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M12<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">1.75<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">32000<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">42200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">51400<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">59000<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">74200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">88500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">100300<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M14<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">43700<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">57500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">70200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">80500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">101200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">120800<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">136900<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M16<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">59700<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">78500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">95800<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">109900<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">138200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">164900<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">186800<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M18<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">2.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">73000<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">96000<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">121000<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">138200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">176600<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">203500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">230400<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M20<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">2.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">93100<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">122500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">154400<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">176400<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">225400<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">259700<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">294000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M22<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">2.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">115100<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">151500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">190900<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">218200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">278800<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">321200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">363600<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M24<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">3<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">134100<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">176500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">222400<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">254200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">324800<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">374200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">423600<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M27<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">3<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">174400<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">229500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">289200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">330500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">422300<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">486500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">550800<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M30<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">3.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">213200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">280500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">353400<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">403900<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">516100<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">594700<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">673200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M33<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">3.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">263700<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">347000<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">437200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">499700<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">638500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">735600<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">832800<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M36<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">4<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">310500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">408500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">514700<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">588200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">751600<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">866000<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">980400<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M39<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">4<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">370900<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">488000<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">614900<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">702700<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">897900<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">1035000<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">1171000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 15px;\">Warto\u015bci te maj\u0105 kluczowe znaczenie przy doborze nakr\u0119tek w zastosowaniach, w kt\u00f3rych najwa\u017cniejsza jest no\u015bno\u015b\u0107, np. w zespo\u0142ach konstrukcyjnych lub maszynach.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 24px; margin-top: 40px; margin-bottom: 15px; color: #0056b3;\">Wymagania dotycz\u0105ce sk\u0142adu chemicznego<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 15px;\">Norma okre\u015bla limity chemiczne dla nakr\u0119tek ze stali w\u0119glowej, aby zapewni\u0107 odpowiedni\u0105 obr\u00f3bk\u0119 ciepln\u0105 i wydajno\u015b\u0107. Poni\u017cej przedstawiono maksymalne warto\u015bci w\u0119gla (C), fosforu (P) i siarki (S), a tak\u017ce minimaln\u0105 zawarto\u015b\u0107 manganu (Mn). Obr\u00f3bka cieplna obejmuje opcjonalne hartowanie i odpuszczanie dla ni\u017cszych gatunk\u00f3w oraz obowi\u0105zkowe dla wy\u017cszych.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 14px; text-align: center;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\" colspan=\"2\">Klasa wydajno\u015bci<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Tworzywo<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Obr\u00f3bka cieplna<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">C (%) maks.<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Mn (%) min<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Maksymalny P (%)<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">S (%) maks.<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\" colspan=\"2\">4<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Stal w\u0119glowa<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Fakultatywny<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.58<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.25<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.060<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.150<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\" colspan=\"2\">5<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Stal w\u0119glowa<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Hartowane i odpuszczane<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.58<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.30<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.048<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.058<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\" colspan=\"2\">5<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Stal w\u0119glowa<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Fakultatywny<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.58<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.060<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.150<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\" colspan=\"2\">6<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Stal w\u0119glowa<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Fakultatywny<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.58<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.060<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.150<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">8<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Orzech wysoki (styl 2)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Fakultatywny<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.58<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.25<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.060<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.150<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">8<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Nakr\u0119tka standardowa (styl 1) D \u2264 M16<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Fakultatywny<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.58<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.25<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.060<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.150<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">8<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Nakr\u0119tka standardowa (styl 1) D &gt; M16<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Hartowane i odpuszczane<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.58<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.30<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.048<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.058<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\" colspan=\"2\">10<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Stal w\u0119glowa<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Hartowane i odpuszczane<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.58<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.30<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.048<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.058<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\" colspan=\"2\">12<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Stal w\u0119glowa<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Hartowane i odpuszczane<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.58<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.45<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.048<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">0.058<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 15px;\">Uwaga: W przypadku gatunk\u00f3w wymagaj\u0105cych hartowania i odpuszczania, materia\u0142y musz\u0105 wykazywa\u0107 wystarczaj\u0105c\u0105 hartowno\u015b\u0107, aby uzyska\u0107 martenzyt oko\u0142o 90% w cz\u0119\u015bci gwintowanej przed odpuszczaniem. Oceny sk\u0142adu chemicznego powinny by\u0107 zgodne z odpowiednimi normami.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 24px; margin-top: 40px; margin-bottom: 15px; color: #0056b3;\">Wymagania dotycz\u0105ce twardo\u015bci<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 15px;\">Twardo\u015b\u0107 mierzy si\u0119 w skalach Vickersa (HV), Brinella (HB) i Rockwella C (HRC), a zakresy r\u00f3\u017cni\u0105 si\u0119 w zale\u017cno\u015bci od rozmiaru i klasy nakr\u0119tki. Zapewniaj\u0105 one odporno\u015b\u0107 nakr\u0119tki na odkszta\u0142cenia pod obci\u0105\u017ceniem.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 14px; text-align: center;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\" colspan=\"2\">Rozmiar gwintu<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\" colspan=\"2\">Klasa 04<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\" colspan=\"2\">Klasa 05<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\" colspan=\"2\">Klasa 5<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\" colspan=\"2\">Klasa 6<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\" colspan=\"2\">Klasa 8<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\" colspan=\"2\">Klasa 10<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\" colspan=\"2\">Klasa 12<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\"><\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Skala<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Min<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Maksym<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Min<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Maksym<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Min<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Maksym<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Min<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Maksym<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Min<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Maksym<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Min<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Maksym<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Min<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Maksym<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M5 \u2264 D \u2264 M16<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Wysokiego napi\u0119cia<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">188<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">302<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">272<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">353<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">130<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">302<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">150<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">302<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">302<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">272<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">353<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">295<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">353<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M16 &lt; D \u2264 M39<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Wysokiego napi\u0119cia<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">188<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">302<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">272<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">353<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">146<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">302<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">170<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">302<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">233<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">353<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">272<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">353<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">272<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">353<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M5 \u2264 D \u2264 M16<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">HB<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">179<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">287<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">259<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">336<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">124<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">287<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">143<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">287<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">190<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">287<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">259<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">336<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">280<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">336<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M16 &lt; D \u2264 M39<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">HB<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">179<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">287<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">259<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">336<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">139<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">287<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">162<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">287<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">221<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">336<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">259<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">336<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">259<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">336<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M5 \u2264 D \u2264 M16<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Rada Praw Cz\u0142owieka<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">30<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">26<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">36<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">30<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">30<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">30<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">26<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">36<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">29<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">36<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M16 &lt; D \u2264 M39<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Rada Praw Cz\u0142owieka<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">30<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">26<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">36<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">30<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">30<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">36<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">26<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">36<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">26<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">36<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 15px;\">Przypisy: Dla orzech\u00f3w wysokich (Styl 2) w klasie 8 minimalna twardo\u015b\u0107 wynosi 180 HV (171 HB). Dla orzech\u00f3w wysokich klasy 8 maksymalna twardo\u015b\u0107 wynosi 302 HV (287 HB, 30 HRC). Dla orzech\u00f3w wysokich klasy 12 minimalna twardo\u015b\u0107 wynosi 272 HV (259 HB, 26 HRC).<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 24px; margin-top: 40px; margin-bottom: 15px; color: #0056b3;\">Zgodno\u015b\u0107 ze \u015brubami, wkr\u0119tami lub szpilkami<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 15px;\">Nakr\u0119tki musz\u0105 pasowa\u0107 do klasy \u015brub, aby zapewni\u0107 integralno\u015b\u0107 po\u0142\u0105czenia. Poni\u017csza tabela przedstawia typy nakr\u0119tek, \u015brednice nominalne i kompatybilne klasy \u015brub.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 14px; text-align: center;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Styl orzechowy<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Klasa 04<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Klasa 05<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Klasa 5<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Klasa 6<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Klasa 8<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Klasa 10<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Klasa 12<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Standardowy (Styl 1)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M5 \u2264 D \u2264 M39 \/ M8x1 \u2264 D \u2264 M39x3<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M5 \u2264 D \u2264 M39 \/ M8x1 \u2264 D \u2264 M39x3<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M5 \u2264 D \u2264 M39 \/ M8x1 \u2264 D \u2264 M39x3<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M5 \u2264 D \u2264 M39 \/ M8x1 \u2264 D \u2264 M16x1,5<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M5 \u2264 D \u2264 M16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Wysoki (styl 2)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M16 \u2264 D \u2264 M39 \/ M8x1 \u2264 D \u2264 M16x1,5<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M5 \u2264 D \u2264 M39 \/ M8x1 \u2264 D \u2264 M39x3<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M5 \u2264 D \u2264 M39 \/ M8x1 \u2264 D \u2264 M16x1,5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Cienki (styl 0)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M5 \u2264 D \u2264 M39 \/ M8x1 \u2264 D \u2264 M39x3<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">M5 \u2264 D \u2264 M39 \/ M8x1 \u2264 D \u2264 M39x3<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Kompatybilna klasa \u015bruby (maks.)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">–<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">5.8<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">6.8<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">8.8<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">10.9<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">12.9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 15px;\">Taka zgodno\u015b\u0107 gwarantuje, \u017ce nakr\u0119tka nie ulegnie uszkodzeniu przed \u015brub\u0105 pod napi\u0119ciem, co gwarantuje bezpiecze\u0144stwo monta\u017cu.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 24px; margin-top: 40px; margin-bottom: 15px; color: #0056b3;\">Rozwa\u017cania dotycz\u0105ce momentu obrotowego<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 15px;\">Norma GB\/T 3098.2-2015 nie okre\u015bla momentu dokr\u0119cania dla nakr\u0119tek, poniewa\u017c warto\u015bci momentu obrotowego zale\u017c\u0105 od tarcia, smarowania i warunk\u00f3w monta\u017cu. Zamiast tego, w projektowaniu nale\u017cy skupi\u0107 si\u0119 na obci\u0105\u017ceniu pr\u00f3bnym i napi\u0119ciu wst\u0119pnym. W praktyce moment obrotowy przy\u0142o\u017cony do nakr\u0119tek cz\u0119\u015bciowo przek\u0142ada si\u0119 na si\u0142\u0119 zacisku, cz\u0119sto oko\u0142o 20%, w zale\u017cno\u015bci od czynnik\u00f3w takich jak wyko\u0144czenie powierzchni. Aby uzyska\u0107 odniesienie, nale\u017cy zapozna\u0107 si\u0119 z odpowiednimi warto\u015bciami momentu obrotowego \u015brub w normach takich jak GB\/T 3098.1, ale zawsze nale\u017cy je zweryfikowa\u0107 poprzez testy dla konkretnych zastosowa\u0144.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 24px; margin-top: 40px; margin-bottom: 15px; color: #0056b3;\">Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania (FAQ)<\/h2>\n<dl style=\"margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 16px;\">\n<dt style=\"font-weight: bold; margin-top: 10px;\">1. Jakie jest obci\u0105\u017cenie pr\u00f3bne w normie GB\/T 3098.2-2015?<\/dt>\n<dd style=\"margin-left: 20px;\">Obci\u0105\u017cenie pr\u00f3bne to si\u0142a rozci\u0105gaj\u0105ca osiowa, kt\u00f3r\u0105 nakr\u0119tka musi wytrzyma\u0107 bez trwa\u0142ego odkszta\u0142cenia. Jest to miara jej no\u015bno\u015bci.<\/dd>\n<dt style=\"font-weight: bold; margin-top: 10px;\">2. Jak obr\u00f3bka cieplna wp\u0142ywa na w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci orzech\u00f3w?<\/dt>\n<dd style=\"margin-left: 20px;\">Hartowanie i odpuszczanie jest wymagane w przypadku wy\u017cszych gatunk\u00f3w stali (np. 8 dla D &gt; M16, 10, 12) w celu uzyskania odpowiedniej twardo\u015bci i wytrzyma\u0142o\u015bci, zapewniaj\u0105c co najmniej struktur\u0119 martenzytu 90% przed odpuszczaniem.<\/dd>\n<dt style=\"font-weight: bold; margin-top: 10px;\">3. Czy nakr\u0119tki klasy 8 mo\u017cna stosowa\u0107 ze \u015brubami klasy 10.9?<\/dt>\n<dd style=\"margin-left: 20px;\">Tak, nakr\u0119tki klasy 8 s\u0105 kompatybilne ze \u015brubami do klasy 8.8, ale w przypadku \u015bruby klasy 10.9 nale\u017cy u\u017cywa\u0107 nakr\u0119tek klasy 10, aby uzyska\u0107 odpowiedni\u0105 wytrzyma\u0142o\u015b\u0107 i unikn\u0105\u0107 uszkodzenia nakr\u0119tki.<\/dd>\n<dt style=\"font-weight: bold; margin-top: 10px;\">4. Dlaczego limity zawarto\u015bci fosforu i siarki s\u0105 bardziej rygorystyczne w przypadku wy\u017cszych gatunk\u00f3w?<\/dt>\n<dd style=\"margin-left: 20px;\">Ni\u017csza zawarto\u015b\u0107 P i S (np. 0,048% maks. dla P w gatunku 10) zmniejsza ryzyko krucho\u015bci, poprawiaj\u0105c wytrzyma\u0142o\u015b\u0107 i niezawodno\u015b\u0107 w zastosowaniach poddawanych du\u017cym napr\u0119\u017ceniom.<\/dd>\n<dt style=\"font-weight: bold; margin-top: 10px;\">5. Jak nale\u017cy sprawdza\u0107 twardo\u015b\u0107 orzech\u00f3w?<\/dt>\n<dd style=\"margin-left: 20px;\">Twardo\u015b\u0107 mierzy si\u0119 zazwyczaj na powierzchni no\u015bnej nakr\u0119tki lub jej przekroju metodami HV, HB lub HRC, przy czym warto\u015bci r\u00f3\u017cni\u0105 si\u0119 w zale\u017cno\u015bci od rozmiaru (np. w przypadku niekt\u00f3rych gatunk\u00f3w twardo\u015b\u0107 jest wy\u017csza dla mniejszych \u015brednic).<\/dd>\n<dt style=\"font-weight: bold; margin-top: 10px;\">6. Co si\u0119 stanie, je\u015bli orzech przekroczy maksymaln\u0105 twardo\u015b\u0107?<\/dt>\n<dd style=\"margin-left: 20px;\">Nadmierna twardo\u015b\u0107 mo\u017ce prowadzi\u0107 do krucho\u015bci; nakr\u0119tki musz\u0105 mie\u015bci\u0107 si\u0119 w okre\u015blonych zakresach (np. maks. 353 HV dla klasy 10), aby zachowa\u0107 r\u00f3wnowag\u0119 mi\u0119dzy wytrzyma\u0142o\u015bci\u0105 i ci\u0105gliwo\u015bci\u0105.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>GB\/T 3098.2-2015 specifies the mechanical properties of coarse thread nuts made from carbon steel and alloy steel, applicable for general engineering purposes. This standard aligns closely with international norms such as ISO 898-2, ensuring compatibility in fastener systems. It covers performance grades from 4 to 12, focusing on proof load, chemical composition, hardness, and compatibility [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[220],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5557","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technical-documentation-and-references"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5557","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5557"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5557\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5558,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5557\/revisions\/5558"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5557"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5557"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5557"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}