{"id":5582,"date":"2025-12-22T08:33:37","date_gmt":"2025-12-22T08:33:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/?p=5582"},"modified":"2025-12-22T08:34:32","modified_gmt":"2025-12-22T08:34:32","slug":"gb-t-3103-3-2020-flat-washer-tolerances-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/ms\/blog\/gb-t-3103-3-2020-flat-washer-tolerances-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Panduan Toleransi Pencuci Rata GB\/T 3103.3-2020"},"content":{"rendered":"

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<\/p>\n

Panduan Toleransi Pencuci Rata GB\/T 3103.3-2020<\/h1>\n
Toleransi untuk Pencuci Rata<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

1. Pengenalan<\/h2>\n

Pencuci rata memainkan peranan penting dalam mengikat sistem dengan mengagihkan beban, mencegah kerosakan permukaan dan memastikan integriti pemasangan. Piawaian GB\/T 3103.3-2020 menetapkan toleransi untuk pencuci rata biasa dengan diameter nominal dari 1 mm hingga 150 mm, yang terpakai pada gred produk A, C dan F. Piawaian ini penting untuk mengekalkan ketepatan dalam industri kejuruteraan mekanikal, automotif, aeroangkasa dan pembinaan.<\/p>\n

Diadaptasi daripada ISO 4759-3:2016, ia memastikan keserasian dengan amalan antarabangsa, menggalakkan kawalan kualiti dan kebolehtukaran. Panduan ini memperincikan toleransi untuk lubang dalam, diameter luar, ketebalan, chamfer dan atribut bentuk\/kedudukan, membantu jurutera dalam reka bentuk dan perolehan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

2. Gambaran Keseluruhan Piawaian GB\/T 3103.3-2020<\/h2>\n

Dikeluarkan pada tahun 2020 oleh Pentadbiran Standardisasi China, piawaian ini mengemas kini versi terdahulu agar selaras dengan kemajuan global dalam teknologi pengikat. Ia terpakai kepada pencuci biasa yang digunakan dengan bolt, skru dan nat, tidak termasuk jenis khas seperti pencuci kunci.<\/p>\n

Kandungan utama termasuk toleransi dimensi sebelum rawatan permukaan, dengan peruntukan untuk sisihan hanya apabila dibenarkan secara teknikal. Toleransi bentuk dan kedudukan mematuhi GB\/T 1182 dan GB\/T 16671.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

3. Prinsip Asas Toleransi Pencuci Rata<\/h2>\n

Toleransi memastikan pencuci dipasang tepat pada pemasangan, mencegah kegagalan akibat salah jajaran atau permainan yang berlebihan. Ia ditakrifkan untuk gred produk: A (ketepatan), C (umum) dan F (halus). Melainkan dinyatakan sebaliknya, toleransi dikenakan pra-rawatan.<\/p>\n

Parameter utama termasuk diameter dalam (d1<\/sub>), diameter luar (d2<\/sub>), ketebalan (t), serong (c1<\/sub>, c2<\/sub>), dan membentuk toleransi seperti koaksial dan kerataan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

4. Spesifikasi Toleransi Terperinci<\/h2>\n
4.1 Lubang Dalam d1<\/sub><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

Toleransi untuk lubang dalaman d1<\/sub> berbeza mengikut ketebalan dan gred produk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ketebalan<\/th>\nToleransi<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Gred Produk<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
F<\/th>\nA<\/th>\nC<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
t < 2
\n2 \u2264 t < 4
\nt \u2265 4<\/td>\n		d1<\/sub>
\nToleransi<\/td>\n		t1<\/sub>
\nmin<\/td>\n		e1<\/sub>
\nmaksimum<\/td>\n		d1<\/sub>
\nToleransi<\/td>\n		t1<\/sub>
\nmin<\/td>\n		e1<\/sub>
\nmaksimum<\/td>\n		d1<\/sub>
\nToleransi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H12<\/td>\n0.5 tan<\/td>\n0.10 tan<\/td>\nH13<\/td>\n0.3 tan<\/td>\n0.15 tan<\/td>\nH14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H12<\/td>\n0.3 tan<\/td>\n0.15 tan<\/td>\nH13<\/td>\n0.25 tan<\/td>\n0.20 tan<\/td>\nH14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H13<\/td>\n0.2 tan<\/td>\n0.20 tan<\/td>\nH14<\/td>\n0.2 tan<\/td>\n0.25 tan<\/td>\nH15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pembakaran tidak ditakrifkan tetapi dibenarkan<\/td>\nJalur pemedih mata (e1<\/sub>), t1<\/sub> dan pembakaran tidak ditakrifkan tetapi dibenarkan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
t1<\/sub> ialah bahagian lubang dalam toleransi d yang ditentukan1<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
4.2 Diameter Luar d2<\/sub><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ketebalan<\/th>\nToleransi<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Gred Produk<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
F<\/th>\nA<\/th>\nC<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
t < 2
\n2 \u2264 t < 4
\nt \u2265 4<\/td>\n		d2<\/sub>
\nToleransi<\/td>\n		e2<\/sub>
\nmaksimum<\/td>\n		d2<\/sub>
\nToleransi<\/td>\n		e2<\/sub>
\nmaksimum<\/td>\n		d2<\/sub>
\nToleransi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
h13<\/td>\n0.13 tan<\/td>\nh14<\/td>\n0.18 tan<\/td>\nh16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
h13<\/td>\n0.15 tan<\/td>\nh14<\/td>\n0.20 tan<\/td>\nh16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
h14<\/td>\n0.18 tan<\/td>\nh15<\/td>\n0.25 tan<\/td>\nh16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Burring dan t2<\/sub> tidak ditakrifkan tetapi dibenarkan<\/td>\nJalur pemedih mata (e2<\/sub>), t2<\/sub> dan pembakaran tidak ditakrifkan tetapi dibenarkan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
t2<\/sub> ialah bahagian diameter luar dalam toleransi d yang ditentukan2<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
4.3 Ketebalan t<\/div>\n

Toleransi ketebalan diukur selepas penyahgerukan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ketebalan t<\/th>\nGred Produk<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
F<\/th>\nA<\/th>\nC<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
t \u2264 0.5<\/td>\n\u00b10.04<\/td>\n\u00b10.05<\/td>\n\u00b10.10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0.5 < t \u2264 1<\/td>\n\u00b10.06<\/td>\n\u00b10.10<\/td>\n\u00b10.20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 < t \u2264 2.5<\/td>\n\u00b10.12<\/td>\n\u00b10.20<\/td>\n\u00b10.30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2.5 < t \u2264 4<\/td>\n\u00b10.16<\/td>\n\u00b10.30<\/td>\n\u00b10.60<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4 < t \u2264 6<\/td>\n\u00b10.20<\/td>\n\u00b10.60<\/td>\n\u00b11.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6 < t \u2264 10<\/td>\n\u00b10.24<\/td>\n\u00b11.00<\/td>\n\u00b11.20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10 < t \u2264 20<\/td>\n\u00b10.28<\/td>\n\u00b11.20<\/td>\n\u00b11.60<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
4.4 Chamfer<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ketebalan Nominal<\/th>\nGred Produk<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
F<\/th>\nA<\/th>\nC<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
c1<\/sub>
\nmin<\/th>\n		c2<\/sub>
\nmin<\/th>\n		c1<\/sub>
\nmin<\/th>\n		c2<\/sub>
\nmin<\/th>\n		c1<\/sub>
\nmin<\/th>\n		c2<\/sub>
\nmin<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1 \u2264 t < 2<\/td>\n0.20 tan<\/td>\n0.25 tan<\/td>\n0.20 tan<\/td>\n0.25 tan<\/td>\n0.20 tan<\/td>\n0.25 tan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2 \u2264 t < 4<\/td>\n0.18 tan<\/td>\n0.22 tan<\/td>\n0.18 tan<\/td>\n0.22 tan<\/td>\n0.18 tan<\/td>\n0.22 tan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
t \u2265 4<\/td>\n0.15 tan<\/td>\n0.20 tan<\/td>\n0.15 tan<\/td>\n0.20 tan<\/td>\n0.15 tan<\/td>\n0.20 tan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
4.4.3 Keperluan Tambahan Pencuci Gabungan<\/div>\n

Atas permintaan pembeli, kedudukan chamfer berbanding sisihan setem hendaklah dinyatakan dalam pesanan.<\/p>\n

4.5 Toleransi Bentuk dan Kedudukan<\/div>\n

\u0394t terpakai di luar x = 0.1 (d2<\/sub> \u2013 d1<\/sub>), iaitu, 60% lebar cincin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ketebalan t<\/th>\nGred Produk<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
F<\/th>\nA<\/th>\nC<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0394t
\nmaksimum<\/th>\n		\u0394t
\nmaksimum<\/th>\n		<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
t \u2264 0.5<\/td>\n0.02<\/td>\n0.025<\/td>\nTiada keperluan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0.5 < t \u2264 1<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n0.05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 < t \u2264 2.5<\/td>\n0.06<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2.5 < t \u2264 4<\/td>\n0.08<\/td>\n0.15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4 < t \u2264 6<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n0.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6 < t \u2264 10<\/td>\n0.12<\/td>\n0.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10 < t \u2264 20<\/td>\n0.14<\/td>\n0.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
4.5.2 Koaksialiti y<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ketebalan t<\/th>\nGred Produk<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
F<\/th>\nA<\/th>\nC<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
y
\nmaksimum<\/th>\n		y
\nmaksimum<\/th>\n		y
\nmaksimum<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
t < 2<\/td>\n2 IT11<\/td>\n2 IT12<\/td>\n2 IT13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2 \u2264 t \u2264 4<\/td>\n2 IT12<\/td>\n2 IT13<\/td>\n2 IT14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
t \u2265 4<\/td>\n2 IT13<\/td>\n2 IT14<\/td>\n2 IT15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Toleransi y berdasarkan diameter d2<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
4.5.3 Kerataan (Pesongan) z<\/div>\n

Kerataan z ialah perbezaan antara ketinggian berkesan hkesan<\/sub> dan ketebalan berkesan tkesan<\/sub>Nota: Tidak bergantung pada toleransi ketebalan; proses tambahan seperti pengisaran boleh mengurangkan pesongan. Diukur selepas penyahgerukan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ketebalan t<\/th>\nGred Produk<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
F<\/th>\nA<\/th>\nC<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
z
\nmaksimum<\/th>\n		z
\nmaksimum<\/th>\n		z
\nmaksimum<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
t \u2264 0.5<\/td>\n0.07<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n0.13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0.5 < t \u2264 1<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n0.15<\/td>\n0.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 < t \u2264 2.5<\/td>\n0.2<\/td>\n0.2<\/td>\n0.25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2.5 < t \u2264 4<\/td>\n0.3<\/td>\n0.3<\/td>\n0.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4 < t \u2264 6<\/td>\n0.4<\/td>\n0.4<\/td>\n0.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6 < t \u2264 10<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10 < t \u2264 20<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

5. Keperluan Utama dalam GB\/T 3103.3-2020<\/h2>\n

Toleransi mesti disahkan sebelum rawatan permukaan. Piawaian produk diutamakan jika berbeza. Pengukuran untuk ketebalan dan kerataan dilakukan selepas penyahgerudian untuk memastikan ketepatan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

6. Analisis Ketepatan dan Ralat<\/h2>\n

Ralat mungkin timbul daripada proses pembuatan seperti pengecapan, yang membawa kepada masalah burring atau koaksial. Tingkatkan ketepatan melalui perkakasan dan pemprosesan pasca yang tepat. Ralat biasa termasuk mengabaikan spesifikasi chamfer; selesaikan dengan mematuhi jadual khusus gred.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

7. Kesan GB\/T 3103.3-2020 terhadap Industri<\/h2>\n

Piawaian ini mempertingkatkan penyelidikan bahan dengan menyeragamkan toleransi, membantu kawalan kualiti dalam pembuatan dan menyokong aplikasi dalam sektor ketepatan tinggi seperti aeroangkasa, yang mana pencuci gred A memastikan kebolehpercayaan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

8. Soalan Lazim (FAQ)<\/h2>\n
\n

Apakah perbezaan antara gred produk A, C dan F?<\/h3>\n

Gred A menawarkan toleransi paling ketat untuk aplikasi ketepatan, C untuk kegunaan umum dan F untuk toleransi halus dalam senario tertentu, seperti yang diperincikan dalam jadual.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Bilakah toleransi perlu diukur?<\/h3>\n

Toleransi dikenakan sebelum rawatan permukaan, dengan ketebalan dan kerataan diukur selepas penyahgerikan untuk mengelakkan ketidaktepatan daripada artifak pembuatan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Bagaimanakah piawaian ini dibandingkan dengan ISO 4759-3?<\/h3>\n

GB\/T 3103.3-2020 bersamaan dengan ISO 4759-3:2016, memastikan keserasian global untuk toleransi pada mesin basuh rata.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Bagaimana jika piawaian produk berbeza daripada ini?<\/h3>\n

Piawaian khusus produk diutamakan, tetapi sisihan memerlukan justifikasi teknikal.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Adakah chamfer wajib?<\/h3>\n

Serong minimum ditentukan untuk mengelakkan tepi tajam, dengan nilai berdasarkan ketebalan dan gred; untuk pencuci gabungan, kedudukan mungkin memerlukan spesifikasi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Bagaimana untuk memilih gred yang sesuai untuk sesuatu permohonan?<\/h3>\n

Pilih berdasarkan ketepatan pemasangan: A untuk bahagian kritikal beban tinggi, C untuk penguncian bolt standard, dengan mengambil kira faktor seperti getaran dan pengagihan beban.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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GB\/T 3103.3-2020 Flat Washer Tolerances Guide Tolerances for Flat Washers 1. Introduction Flat washers play a critical role in fastening systems by distributing loads, preventing surface damage, and ensuring assembly integrity. The GB\/T 3103.3-2020 standard specifies tolerances for plain flat washers with nominal diameters from 1 mm to 150 mm, applicable to product grades A, […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"

\r\n\r\n\r\n

GB\/T 3103.3-2020 Flat Washer Tolerances Guide<\/h1>\r\n
Tolerances for Flat Washers<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

1. Introduction<\/h2>\r\nFlat washers play a critical role in fastening systems by distributing loads, preventing surface damage, and ensuring assembly integrity. The GB\/T 3103.3-2020 standard specifies tolerances for plain flat washers with nominal diameters from 1 mm to 150 mm, applicable to product grades A, C, and F. This standard is essential for maintaining precision in mechanical engineering, automotive, aerospace, and construction industries.\r\n\r\nAdopted from ISO 4759-3:2016, it ensures compatibility with international practices, promoting quality control and interchangeability. This guide details tolerances for inner hole, outer diameter, thickness, chamfers, and form\/position attributes, aiding engineers in design and procurement.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

2. GB\/T 3103.3-2020 Standard Overview<\/h2>\r\nReleased in 2020 by the Standardization Administration of China, this standard updates previous versions to align with global advancements in fastener technology. It applies to plain washers used with bolts, screws, and nuts, excluding special types like lock washers.\r\n\r\nKey content includes dimensional tolerances before surface treatment, with provisions for deviations only when technically justified. Shape and position tolerances follow GB\/T 1182 and GB\/T 16671.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

3. Basic Principles of Flat Washer Tolerances<\/h2>\r\nTolerances ensure washers fit precisely in assemblies, preventing failures due to misalignment or excessive play. They are defined for product grades: A (precision), C (general), and F (fine). Unless specified otherwise, tolerances apply pre-treatment.\r\n\r\nKey parameters include inner diameter (d1<\/sub>), outer diameter (d2<\/sub>), thickness (t), chamfers (c1<\/sub>, c2<\/sub>), and form tolerances like coaxiality and flatness.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

4. Detailed Tolerance Specifications<\/h2>\r\n
4.1 Inner Hole d1<\/sub><\/div>\r\n \r\n

Tolerances for inner hole d1<\/sub> vary by thickness and product grade.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Thickness<\/th>\r\nTolerances<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Product Grade<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
F<\/th>\r\nA<\/th>\r\nC<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
t < 2\r\n2 \u2264 t < 4\r\nt \u2265 4<\/td>\r\nd1<\/sub>\r\nTolerance<\/td>\r\nt1<\/sub>\r\nmin<\/td>\r\ne1<\/sub>\r\nmax<\/td>\r\nd1<\/sub>\r\nTolerance<\/td>\r\nt1<\/sub>\r\nmin<\/td>\r\ne1<\/sub>\r\nmax<\/td>\r\nd1<\/sub>\r\nTolerance<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
H12<\/td>\r\n0.5 t<\/td>\r\n0.10 t<\/td>\r\nH13<\/td>\r\n0.3 t<\/td>\r\n0.15 t<\/td>\r\nH14<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
H12<\/td>\r\n0.3 t<\/td>\r\n0.15 t<\/td>\r\nH13<\/td>\r\n0.25 t<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\nH14<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
H13<\/td>\r\n0.2 t<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\nH14<\/td>\r\n0.2 t<\/td>\r\n0.25 t<\/td>\r\nH15<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Burring not defined but permitted<\/td>\r\nTear band (e1<\/sub>), t1<\/sub> and burring not defined but permitted<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
t1<\/sub> is the portion of the hole within the specified tolerance of d1<\/sub><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n
4.2 Outer Diameter d2<\/sub><\/div>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Thickness<\/th>\r\nTolerances<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Product Grade<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
F<\/th>\r\nA<\/th>\r\nC<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
t < 2\r\n2 \u2264 t < 4\r\nt \u2265 4<\/td>\r\nd2<\/sub>\r\nTolerance<\/td>\r\ne2<\/sub>\r\nmax<\/td>\r\nd2<\/sub>\r\nTolerance<\/td>\r\ne2<\/sub>\r\nmax<\/td>\r\nd2<\/sub>\r\nTolerance<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
h13<\/td>\r\n0.13 t<\/td>\r\nh14<\/td>\r\n0.18 t<\/td>\r\nh16<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
h13<\/td>\r\n0.15 t<\/td>\r\nh14<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\nh16<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
h14<\/td>\r\n0.18 t<\/td>\r\nh15<\/td>\r\n0.25 t<\/td>\r\nh16<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Burring and t2<\/sub> not defined but permitted<\/td>\r\nTear band (e2<\/sub>), t2<\/sub> and burring not defined but permitted<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
t2<\/sub> is the portion of the outer diameter within the specified tolerance of d2<\/sub><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n
4.3 Thickness t<\/div>\r\n

Thickness tolerances measured after deburring.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Thickness t<\/th>\r\nProduct Grade<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
F<\/th>\r\nA<\/th>\r\nC<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
t \u2264 0.5<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.04<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.05<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.10<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
0.5 < t \u2264 1<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.06<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.10<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.20<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
1 < t \u2264 2.5<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.12<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.20<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.30<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
2.5 < t \u2264 4<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.16<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.30<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.60<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
4 < t \u2264 6<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.20<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.60<\/td>\r\n\u00b11.00<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
6 < t \u2264 10<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.24<\/td>\r\n\u00b11.00<\/td>\r\n\u00b11.20<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
10 < t \u2264 20<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.28<\/td>\r\n\u00b11.20<\/td>\r\n\u00b11.60<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n
4.4 Chamfers<\/div>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Nominal Thickness<\/th>\r\nProduct Grade<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
F<\/th>\r\nA<\/th>\r\nC<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
c1<\/sub>\r\nmin<\/th>\r\nc2<\/sub>\r\nmin<\/th>\r\nc1<\/sub>\r\nmin<\/th>\r\nc2<\/sub>\r\nmin<\/th>\r\nc1<\/sub>\r\nmin<\/th>\r\nc2<\/sub>\r\nmin<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
1 \u2264 t < 2<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\n0.25 t<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\n0.25 t<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\n0.25 t<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
2 \u2264 t < 4<\/td>\r\n0.18 t<\/td>\r\n0.22 t<\/td>\r\n0.18 t<\/td>\r\n0.22 t<\/td>\r\n0.18 t<\/td>\r\n0.22 t<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
t \u2265 4<\/td>\r\n0.15 t<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\n0.15 t<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\n0.15 t<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n
4.4.3 Combined Washers Supplementary Requirements<\/div>\r\nUpon buyer request, chamfer position relative to stamping deviations should be specified in the order.\r\n
4.5 Form and Position Tolerances<\/div>\r\n

\u0394t applies outside x = 0.1 (d2<\/sub> - d1<\/sub>), i.e., 60% of ring width.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Thickness t<\/th>\r\nProduct Grade<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
F<\/th>\r\nA<\/th>\r\nC<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u0394t\r\nmax<\/th>\r\n\u0394t\r\nmax<\/th>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
t \u2264 0.5<\/td>\r\n0.02<\/td>\r\n0.025<\/td>\r\nNo requirement<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
0.5 < t \u2264 1<\/td>\r\n0.03<\/td>\r\n0.05<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
1 < t \u2264 2.5<\/td>\r\n0.06<\/td>\r\n0.1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
2.5 < t \u2264 4<\/td>\r\n0.08<\/td>\r\n0.15<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
4 < t \u2264 6<\/td>\r\n0.1<\/td>\r\n0.2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
6 < t \u2264 10<\/td>\r\n0.12<\/td>\r\n0.3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
10 < t \u2264 20<\/td>\r\n0.14<\/td>\r\n0.4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n
4.5.2 Coaxiality y<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Thickness t<\/th>\r\nProduct Grade<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
F<\/th>\r\nA<\/th>\r\nC<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
y\r\nmax<\/th>\r\ny\r\nmax<\/th>\r\ny\r\nmax<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
t < 2<\/td>\r\n2 IT11<\/td>\r\n2 IT12<\/td>\r\n2 IT13<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
2 \u2264 t \u2264 4<\/td>\r\n2 IT12<\/td>\r\n2 IT13<\/td>\r\n2 IT14<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
t \u2265 4<\/td>\r\n2 IT13<\/td>\r\n2 IT14<\/td>\r\n2 IT15<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Tolerance y based on diameter d2<\/sub><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n
4.5.3 Flatness (Deflection) z<\/div>\r\n

Flatness z is the difference between effective height heff<\/sub> and effective thickness teff<\/sub>. Note: Independent of thickness tolerance; additional processes like grinding may reduce deflection. Measured after deburring.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Thickness t<\/th>\r\nProduct Grade<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
F<\/th>\r\nA<\/th>\r\nC<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
z\r\nmax<\/th>\r\nz\r\nmax<\/th>\r\nz\r\nmax<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
t \u2264 0.5<\/td>\r\n0.07<\/td>\r\n0.1<\/td>\r\n0.13<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
0.5 < t \u2264 1<\/td>\r\n0.1<\/td>\r\n0.15<\/td>\r\n0.2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
1 < t \u2264 2.5<\/td>\r\n0.2<\/td>\r\n0.2<\/td>\r\n0.25<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
2.5 < t \u2264 4<\/td>\r\n0.3<\/td>\r\n0.3<\/td>\r\n0.3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
4 < t \u2264 6<\/td>\r\n0.4<\/td>\r\n0.4<\/td>\r\n0.4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
6 < t \u2264 10<\/td>\r\n0.6<\/td>\r\n0.6<\/td>\r\n0.6<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
10 < t \u2264 20<\/td>\r\n1<\/td>\r\n1<\/td>\r\n1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

5. Key Requirements in GB\/T 3103.3-2020<\/h2>\r\nTolerances must be verified pre-surface treatment. Product standards take precedence if differing. Measurements for thickness and flatness occur post-deburring to ensure accuracy.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

6. Precision and Error Analysis<\/h2>\r\nErrors may arise from manufacturing processes like stamping, leading to burring or coaxiality issues. Improve accuracy via precise tooling and post-processing. Common errors include ignoring chamfer specs; resolve by adhering to grade-specific tables.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

7. Impact of GB\/T 3103.3-2020 on Industry<\/h2>\r\nThis standard enhances material research by standardizing tolerances, aids quality control in manufacturing, and supports applications in high-precision sectors like aerospace, where grade A washers ensure reliability.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

8. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)<\/h2>\r\n
\r\n

What is the difference between product grades A, C, and F?<\/h3>\r\nGrade A offers the tightest tolerances for precision applications, C for general use, and F for fine tolerances in specific scenarios, as detailed in the tables.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
\r\n

When should tolerances be measured?<\/h3>\r\nTolerances apply before surface treatment, with thickness and flatness measured after deburring to avoid inaccuracies from manufacturing artifacts.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
\r\n

How does this standard compare to ISO 4759-3?<\/h3>\r\nGB\/T 3103.3-2020 is equivalent to ISO 4759-3:2016, ensuring global compatibility for tolerances on flat washers.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
\r\n

What if product standards differ from this?<\/h3>\r\nProduct-specific standards take precedence, but deviations require technical justification.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
\r\n

Are chamfers mandatory?<\/h3>\r\nMinimum chamfers are specified to prevent sharp edges, with values based on thickness and grade; for combined washers, position may need specification.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
\r\n

How to select the appropriate grade for an application?<\/h3>\r\nChoose based on assembly precision: A for high-load critical parts, C for standard bolting, considering factors like vibration and load distribution.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
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