{"id":5582,"date":"2025-12-22T08:33:37","date_gmt":"2025-12-22T08:33:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/?p=5582"},"modified":"2025-12-22T08:34:32","modified_gmt":"2025-12-22T08:34:32","slug":"gb-t-3103-3-2020-flat-washer-tolerances-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/fi\/blog\/gb-t-3103-3-2020-flat-washer-tolerances-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"GB\/T 3103.3-2020 Litte\u00e4n aluslevyn toleranssiopas"},"content":{"rendered":"

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GB\/T 3103.3-2020 Litte\u00e4n aluslevyn toleranssiopas<\/h1>\n
Litteiden aluslevyjen toleranssit<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

1. Johdanto<\/h2>\n

Aluslevyill\u00e4 on ratkaiseva rooli kiinnitysj\u00e4rjestelmiss\u00e4, sill\u00e4 ne jakavat kuormia, est\u00e4v\u00e4t pintavaurioita ja varmistavat kokoonpanon eheyden. Standardi GB\/T 3103.3-2020 m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4\u00e4 toleranssit tasaisille aluslevyille, joiden nimellishalkaisija on 1 mm - 150 mm, ja niit\u00e4 sovelletaan tuoteluokkiin A, C ja F. T\u00e4m\u00e4 standardi on olennainen tarkkuuden yll\u00e4pit\u00e4miseksi koneenrakennuksessa, autoteollisuudessa, ilmailu- ja rakennusteollisuudessa.<\/p>\n

Standardista ISO 4759-3:2016 omaksuttu ohje varmistaa yhteensopivuuden kansainv\u00e4listen k\u00e4yt\u00e4nt\u00f6jen kanssa, edist\u00e4\u00e4 laadunvalvontaa ja vaihdettavuutta. T\u00e4m\u00e4 opas m\u00e4\u00e4rittelee sis\u00e4rei\u00e4n, ulkohalkaisijan, paksuuden, viisteiden ja muoto-\/sijaintiominaisuuksien toleranssit, mik\u00e4 auttaa insin\u00f6\u00f6rej\u00e4 suunnittelussa ja hankinnoissa.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

2. GB\/T 3103.3-2020 -standardin yleiskatsaus<\/h2>\n

Kiinan standardointiviraston vuonna 2020 julkaisema standardi p\u00e4ivitt\u00e4\u00e4 aiemmat versiot vastaamaan kiinnitystekniikan maailmanlaajuista kehityst\u00e4. Se koskee pulttien, ruuvien ja muttereiden kanssa k\u00e4ytett\u00e4vi\u00e4 tavallisia aluslevyj\u00e4, lukuun ottamatta erikoistyyppej\u00e4, kuten lukkoaluslevyj\u00e4.<\/p>\n

Keskeist\u00e4 sis\u00e4lt\u00f6\u00e4 ovat mittatoleranssit ennen pintak\u00e4sittely\u00e4, ja poikkeamat ovat sallittuja vain teknisesti perustelluissa tapauksissa. Muoto- ja sijaintitoleranssit ovat standardien GB\/T 1182 ja GB\/T 16671 mukaisia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

3. Tasaisten aluslevyjen toleranssien perusperiaatteet<\/h2>\n

Toleranssit varmistavat, ett\u00e4 aluslevyt sopivat tarkasti kokoonpanoihin est\u00e4en virhekohdista tai liiallisesta v\u00e4lyksest\u00e4 johtuvat viat. Ne on m\u00e4\u00e4ritelty tuoteluokille: A (tarkkuus), C (yleinen) ja F (hieno). Ellei toisin ole mainittu, toleranssit koskevat esik\u00e4sittely\u00e4.<\/p>\n

Keskeisiin parametreihin kuuluvat sis\u00e4halkaisija (d1<\/sub>), ulkohalkaisija (d2<\/sub>), paksuus (t), viisteet (c1<\/sub>, c2<\/sub>) ja muototoleranssit, kuten koaksiaalisuus ja tasaisuus.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

4. Yksityiskohtaiset toleranssim\u00e4\u00e4ritykset<\/h2>\n
4.1 Sis\u00e4reik\u00e4 d1<\/sub><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sis\u00e4rei\u00e4n d toleranssit1<\/sub> vaihtelevat paksuuden ja tuoteluokan mukaan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Paksuus<\/th>\nToleranssit<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Tuotteen laatu<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
F<\/th>\nA<\/th>\nC<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
t < 2
\n2 \u2264 t < 4
\nt \u2265 4<\/td>\n		d1<\/sub>
\nToleranssi<\/td>\n		t1<\/sub>
\nmin<\/td>\n		e1<\/sub>
\nmaks<\/td>\n		d1<\/sub>
\nToleranssi<\/td>\n		t1<\/sub>
\nmin<\/td>\n		e1<\/sub>
\nmaks<\/td>\n		d1<\/sub>
\nToleranssi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H12<\/td>\n0,5 tonnia<\/td>\n0,10 tonnia<\/td>\nH13<\/td>\n0,3 tonnia<\/td>\n0,15 tonnia<\/td>\nH14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H12<\/td>\n0,3 tonnia<\/td>\n0,15 tonnia<\/td>\nH13<\/td>\n0,25 tonnia<\/td>\n0,20 tonnia<\/td>\nH14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H13<\/td>\n0,2 tonnia<\/td>\n0,20 tonnia<\/td>\nH14<\/td>\n0,2 tonnia<\/td>\n0,25 tonnia<\/td>\nH15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Poraus ei ole m\u00e4\u00e4ritelty, mutta sallittu<\/td>\nRep\u00e4isynauha (e1<\/sub>), t1<\/sub> ja purse ei ole m\u00e4\u00e4ritelty, mutta sallittu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
t1<\/sub> on rei\u00e4n osa m\u00e4\u00e4ritellyn toleranssin d sis\u00e4ll\u00e41<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
4.2 Ulkohalkaisija d2<\/sub><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Paksuus<\/th>\nToleranssit<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Tuotteen laatu<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
F<\/th>\nA<\/th>\nC<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
t < 2
\n2 \u2264 t < 4
\nt \u2265 4<\/td>\n		d2<\/sub>
\nToleranssi<\/td>\n		e2<\/sub>
\nmaks<\/td>\n		d2<\/sub>
\nToleranssi<\/td>\n		e2<\/sub>
\nmaks<\/td>\n		d2<\/sub>
\nToleranssi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
h13<\/td>\n0,13 tonnia<\/td>\nh14<\/td>\n0,18 tonnia<\/td>\nh16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
h13<\/td>\n0,15 tonnia<\/td>\nh14<\/td>\n0,20 tonnia<\/td>\nh16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
h14<\/td>\n0,18 tonnia<\/td>\nh15<\/td>\n0,25 tonnia<\/td>\nh16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Purse ja t2<\/sub> ei m\u00e4\u00e4ritelty, mutta sallittu<\/td>\nRep\u00e4isynauha (e2<\/sub>), t2<\/sub> ja purse ei ole m\u00e4\u00e4ritelty, mutta sallittu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
t2<\/sub> on ulkohalkaisijan osa, joka on m\u00e4\u00e4ritellyn toleranssin d sis\u00e4ll\u00e42<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
4.3 Paksuus t<\/div>\n

Paksuustoleranssit mitattuna purseenpoiston j\u00e4lkeen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Paksuus t<\/th>\nTuotteen laatu<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
F<\/th>\nA<\/th>\nC<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
t \u2264 0,5<\/td>\n\u00b10,04<\/td>\n\u00b10,05<\/td>\n\u00b10,10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0,5 < t \u2264 1<\/td>\n\u00b10,06<\/td>\n\u00b10,10<\/td>\n\u00b10,20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 < t \u2264 2,5<\/td>\n\u00b10,12<\/td>\n\u00b10,20<\/td>\n\u00b10,30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2,5 < t \u2264 4<\/td>\n\u00b10,16<\/td>\n\u00b10,30<\/td>\n\u00b10,60<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4 < t \u2264 6<\/td>\n\u00b10,20<\/td>\n\u00b10,60<\/td>\n\u00b11,00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6 < t \u2264 10<\/td>\n\u00b10,24<\/td>\n\u00b11,00<\/td>\n\u00b11,20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10 < t \u2264 20<\/td>\n\u00b10,28<\/td>\n\u00b11,20<\/td>\n\u00b11,60<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
4.4 Viisteet<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nimellispaksuus<\/th>\nTuotteen laatu<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
F<\/th>\nA<\/th>\nC<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
c1<\/sub>
\nmin<\/th>\n		c2<\/sub>
\nmin<\/th>\n		c1<\/sub>
\nmin<\/th>\n		c2<\/sub>
\nmin<\/th>\n		c1<\/sub>
\nmin<\/th>\n		c2<\/sub>
\nmin<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1 \u2264 t < 2<\/td>\n0,20 tonnia<\/td>\n0,25 tonnia<\/td>\n0,20 tonnia<\/td>\n0,25 tonnia<\/td>\n0,20 tonnia<\/td>\n0,25 tonnia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2 \u2264 t < 4<\/td>\n0,18 tonnia<\/td>\n0,22 tonnia<\/td>\n0,18 tonnia<\/td>\n0,22 tonnia<\/td>\n0,18 tonnia<\/td>\n0,22 tonnia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
t \u2265 4<\/td>\n0,15 tonnia<\/td>\n0,20 tonnia<\/td>\n0,15 tonnia<\/td>\n0,20 tonnia<\/td>\n0,15 tonnia<\/td>\n0,20 tonnia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
4.4.3 Yhdistettyjen pesukoneiden lis\u00e4vaatimukset<\/div>\n

Ostajan pyynn\u00f6st\u00e4 viisteen sijainti suhteessa leimauspoikkeamiin tulee m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4\u00e4 tilauksessa.<\/p>\n

4.5 Muoto- ja sijaintitoleranssit<\/div>\n

\u0394t p\u00e4tee x = 0,1 (d) ulkopuolella2<\/sub> \u2013 d1<\/sub>), eli renkaan leveys 60%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Paksuus t<\/th>\nTuotteen laatu<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
F<\/th>\nA<\/th>\nC<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0394t
\nmaks<\/th>\n		\u0394t
\nmaks<\/th>\n		<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
t \u2264 0,5<\/td>\n0.02<\/td>\n0.025<\/td>\nEi vaatimusta<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0,5 < t \u2264 1<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n0.05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 < t \u2264 2,5<\/td>\n0.06<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2,5 < t \u2264 4<\/td>\n0.08<\/td>\n0.15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4 < t \u2264 6<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n0.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6 < t \u2264 10<\/td>\n0.12<\/td>\n0.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10 < t \u2264 20<\/td>\n0.14<\/td>\n0.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
4.5.2 Koaksiaalisuus y<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Paksuus t<\/th>\nTuotteen laatu<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
F<\/th>\nA<\/th>\nC<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
y
\nmaks<\/th>\n		y
\nmaks<\/th>\n		y
\nmaks<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
t < 2<\/td>\n2 IT11<\/td>\n2 IT12<\/td>\n2 IT13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2 \u2264 t \u2264 4<\/td>\n2 IT12<\/td>\n2 IT13<\/td>\n2 IT14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
t \u2265 4<\/td>\n2 IT13<\/td>\n2 IT14<\/td>\n2 IT15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Toleranssi y halkaisijan d perusteella2<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
4.5.3 Tasomaisuus (taipuma) z<\/div>\n

Tasaisuus z on tehollisen korkeuden h javaikutus<\/sub> ja efektiivinen paksuus tvaikutus<\/sub>Huomautus: Paksuustoleranssista riippumatta; lis\u00e4prosessit, kuten hionta, voivat v\u00e4hent\u00e4\u00e4 taipumaa. Mitattu purseenpoiston j\u00e4lkeen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Paksuus t<\/th>\nTuotteen laatu<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
F<\/th>\nA<\/th>\nC<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
z
\nmaks<\/th>\n		z
\nmaks<\/th>\n		z
\nmaks<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
t \u2264 0,5<\/td>\n0.07<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n0.13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0,5 < t \u2264 1<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n0.15<\/td>\n0.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 < t \u2264 2,5<\/td>\n0.2<\/td>\n0.2<\/td>\n0.25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2,5 < t \u2264 4<\/td>\n0.3<\/td>\n0.3<\/td>\n0.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4 < t \u2264 6<\/td>\n0.4<\/td>\n0.4<\/td>\n0.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6 < t \u2264 10<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10 < t \u2264 20<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

5. Keskeiset vaatimukset standardissa GB\/T 3103.3-2020<\/h2>\n

Toleranssit on tarkistettava ennen pintak\u00e4sittely\u00e4. Tuotestandardit ovat ensisijaisia, jos ne poikkeavat toisistaan. Paksuuden ja tasaisuuden mittaukset tehd\u00e4\u00e4n purseenpoiston j\u00e4lkeen tarkkuuden varmistamiseksi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

6. Tarkkuus- ja virheanalyysi<\/h2>\n

Valmistusprosesseista, kuten leimaamisesta, voi aiheutua virheit\u00e4, jotka johtavat purseiden muodostumiseen tai koaksiaalisuusongelmiin. Paranna tarkkuutta tarkalla ty\u00f6kalulla ja j\u00e4lkik\u00e4sittelyll\u00e4. Yleisi\u00e4 virheit\u00e4 ovat viistem\u00e4\u00e4rien huomiotta j\u00e4tt\u00e4minen; korjaa ne noudattamalla laatukohtaisia \u200b\u200btaulukoita.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

7. GB\/T 3103.3-2020:n vaikutus teollisuuteen<\/h2>\n

T\u00e4m\u00e4 standardi tehostaa materiaalitutkimusta standardoimalla toleransseja, auttaa laadunvalvonnassa valmistuksessa ja tukee sovelluksia tarkkuussektoreilla, kuten ilmailu- ja avaruustekniikassa, joissa A-luokan aluslevyt takaavat luotettavuuden.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

8. Usein kysytyt kysymykset (UKK)<\/h2>\n
\n

Mit\u00e4 eroa on tuoteluokilla A, C ja F?<\/h3>\n

Luokka A tarjoaa tiukimmat toleranssit tarkkuussovelluksiin, C yleisk\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00f6n ja F hienotoleranssit erityistilanteisiin, kuten taulukoissa on yksityiskohtaisesti esitetty.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Milloin toleranssit tulisi mitata?<\/h3>\n

Toleranssit ovat voimassa ennen pintak\u00e4sittely\u00e4, ja paksuus ja tasaisuus mitataan purseenpoiston j\u00e4lkeen valmistuksesta johtuvien ep\u00e4tarkkuuksien v\u00e4ltt\u00e4miseksi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Miten t\u00e4m\u00e4 standardi vertautuu standardiin ISO 4759-3?<\/h3>\n

GB\/T 3103.3-2020 vastaa standardia ISO 4759-3:2016 ja varmistaa aluslevyjen toleranssien maailmanlaajuisen yhteensopivuuden.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ent\u00e4 jos tuotestandardit poikkeavat t\u00e4st\u00e4?<\/h3>\n

Tuotekohtaiset standardit ovat ensisijaisia, mutta poikkeamat niist\u00e4 vaativat teknisen perustelun.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ovatko viisteet pakollisia?<\/h3>\n

Ter\u00e4vien reunojen est\u00e4miseksi on m\u00e4\u00e4ritelty v\u00e4himm\u00e4isviisteet, joiden arvot perustuvat paksuuteen ja laatuun; yhdistettyjen aluslevyjen sijainti voi olla m\u00e4\u00e4ritelt\u00e4v\u00e4.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Miten valitaan sopiva laatuluokka sovellukseen?<\/h3>\n

Valitse kokoonpanotarkkuuden perusteella: A korkean kuormituksen kriittisille osille, C vakiopultitusliitoksille ottaen huomioon tekij\u00e4t, kuten t\u00e4rin\u00e4 ja kuorman jakautuminen.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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GB\/T 3103.3-2020 Flat Washer Tolerances Guide Tolerances for Flat Washers 1. Introduction Flat washers play a critical role in fastening systems by distributing loads, preventing surface damage, and ensuring assembly integrity. The GB\/T 3103.3-2020 standard specifies tolerances for plain flat washers with nominal diameters from 1 mm to 150 mm, applicable to product grades A, […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"

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GB\/T 3103.3-2020 Flat Washer Tolerances Guide<\/h1>\r\n
Tolerances for Flat Washers<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

1. Introduction<\/h2>\r\nFlat washers play a critical role in fastening systems by distributing loads, preventing surface damage, and ensuring assembly integrity. The GB\/T 3103.3-2020 standard specifies tolerances for plain flat washers with nominal diameters from 1 mm to 150 mm, applicable to product grades A, C, and F. This standard is essential for maintaining precision in mechanical engineering, automotive, aerospace, and construction industries.\r\n\r\nAdopted from ISO 4759-3:2016, it ensures compatibility with international practices, promoting quality control and interchangeability. This guide details tolerances for inner hole, outer diameter, thickness, chamfers, and form\/position attributes, aiding engineers in design and procurement.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

2. GB\/T 3103.3-2020 Standard Overview<\/h2>\r\nReleased in 2020 by the Standardization Administration of China, this standard updates previous versions to align with global advancements in fastener technology. It applies to plain washers used with bolts, screws, and nuts, excluding special types like lock washers.\r\n\r\nKey content includes dimensional tolerances before surface treatment, with provisions for deviations only when technically justified. Shape and position tolerances follow GB\/T 1182 and GB\/T 16671.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

3. Basic Principles of Flat Washer Tolerances<\/h2>\r\nTolerances ensure washers fit precisely in assemblies, preventing failures due to misalignment or excessive play. They are defined for product grades: A (precision), C (general), and F (fine). Unless specified otherwise, tolerances apply pre-treatment.\r\n\r\nKey parameters include inner diameter (d1<\/sub>), outer diameter (d2<\/sub>), thickness (t), chamfers (c1<\/sub>, c2<\/sub>), and form tolerances like coaxiality and flatness.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

4. Detailed Tolerance Specifications<\/h2>\r\n
4.1 Inner Hole d1<\/sub><\/div>\r\n \r\n

Tolerances for inner hole d1<\/sub> vary by thickness and product grade.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Thickness<\/th>\r\nTolerances<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Product Grade<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
F<\/th>\r\nA<\/th>\r\nC<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
t < 2\r\n2 \u2264 t < 4\r\nt \u2265 4<\/td>\r\nd1<\/sub>\r\nTolerance<\/td>\r\nt1<\/sub>\r\nmin<\/td>\r\ne1<\/sub>\r\nmax<\/td>\r\nd1<\/sub>\r\nTolerance<\/td>\r\nt1<\/sub>\r\nmin<\/td>\r\ne1<\/sub>\r\nmax<\/td>\r\nd1<\/sub>\r\nTolerance<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
H12<\/td>\r\n0.5 t<\/td>\r\n0.10 t<\/td>\r\nH13<\/td>\r\n0.3 t<\/td>\r\n0.15 t<\/td>\r\nH14<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
H12<\/td>\r\n0.3 t<\/td>\r\n0.15 t<\/td>\r\nH13<\/td>\r\n0.25 t<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\nH14<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
H13<\/td>\r\n0.2 t<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\nH14<\/td>\r\n0.2 t<\/td>\r\n0.25 t<\/td>\r\nH15<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Burring not defined but permitted<\/td>\r\nTear band (e1<\/sub>), t1<\/sub> and burring not defined but permitted<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
t1<\/sub> is the portion of the hole within the specified tolerance of d1<\/sub><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n
4.2 Outer Diameter d2<\/sub><\/div>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Thickness<\/th>\r\nTolerances<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Product Grade<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
F<\/th>\r\nA<\/th>\r\nC<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
t < 2\r\n2 \u2264 t < 4\r\nt \u2265 4<\/td>\r\nd2<\/sub>\r\nTolerance<\/td>\r\ne2<\/sub>\r\nmax<\/td>\r\nd2<\/sub>\r\nTolerance<\/td>\r\ne2<\/sub>\r\nmax<\/td>\r\nd2<\/sub>\r\nTolerance<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
h13<\/td>\r\n0.13 t<\/td>\r\nh14<\/td>\r\n0.18 t<\/td>\r\nh16<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
h13<\/td>\r\n0.15 t<\/td>\r\nh14<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\nh16<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
h14<\/td>\r\n0.18 t<\/td>\r\nh15<\/td>\r\n0.25 t<\/td>\r\nh16<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Burring and t2<\/sub> not defined but permitted<\/td>\r\nTear band (e2<\/sub>), t2<\/sub> and burring not defined but permitted<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
t2<\/sub> is the portion of the outer diameter within the specified tolerance of d2<\/sub><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n
4.3 Thickness t<\/div>\r\n

Thickness tolerances measured after deburring.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Thickness t<\/th>\r\nProduct Grade<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
F<\/th>\r\nA<\/th>\r\nC<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
t \u2264 0.5<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.04<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.05<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.10<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
0.5 < t \u2264 1<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.06<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.10<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.20<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
1 < t \u2264 2.5<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.12<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.20<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.30<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
2.5 < t \u2264 4<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.16<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.30<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.60<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
4 < t \u2264 6<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.20<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.60<\/td>\r\n\u00b11.00<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
6 < t \u2264 10<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.24<\/td>\r\n\u00b11.00<\/td>\r\n\u00b11.20<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
10 < t \u2264 20<\/td>\r\n\u00b10.28<\/td>\r\n\u00b11.20<\/td>\r\n\u00b11.60<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n
4.4 Chamfers<\/div>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Nominal Thickness<\/th>\r\nProduct Grade<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
F<\/th>\r\nA<\/th>\r\nC<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
c1<\/sub>\r\nmin<\/th>\r\nc2<\/sub>\r\nmin<\/th>\r\nc1<\/sub>\r\nmin<\/th>\r\nc2<\/sub>\r\nmin<\/th>\r\nc1<\/sub>\r\nmin<\/th>\r\nc2<\/sub>\r\nmin<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
1 \u2264 t < 2<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\n0.25 t<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\n0.25 t<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\n0.25 t<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
2 \u2264 t < 4<\/td>\r\n0.18 t<\/td>\r\n0.22 t<\/td>\r\n0.18 t<\/td>\r\n0.22 t<\/td>\r\n0.18 t<\/td>\r\n0.22 t<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
t \u2265 4<\/td>\r\n0.15 t<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\n0.15 t<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\n0.15 t<\/td>\r\n0.20 t<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n
4.4.3 Combined Washers Supplementary Requirements<\/div>\r\nUpon buyer request, chamfer position relative to stamping deviations should be specified in the order.\r\n
4.5 Form and Position Tolerances<\/div>\r\n

\u0394t applies outside x = 0.1 (d2<\/sub> - d1<\/sub>), i.e., 60% of ring width.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Thickness t<\/th>\r\nProduct Grade<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
F<\/th>\r\nA<\/th>\r\nC<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u0394t\r\nmax<\/th>\r\n\u0394t\r\nmax<\/th>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
t \u2264 0.5<\/td>\r\n0.02<\/td>\r\n0.025<\/td>\r\nNo requirement<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
0.5 < t \u2264 1<\/td>\r\n0.03<\/td>\r\n0.05<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
1 < t \u2264 2.5<\/td>\r\n0.06<\/td>\r\n0.1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
2.5 < t \u2264 4<\/td>\r\n0.08<\/td>\r\n0.15<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
4 < t \u2264 6<\/td>\r\n0.1<\/td>\r\n0.2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
6 < t \u2264 10<\/td>\r\n0.12<\/td>\r\n0.3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
10 < t \u2264 20<\/td>\r\n0.14<\/td>\r\n0.4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n
4.5.2 Coaxiality y<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Thickness t<\/th>\r\nProduct Grade<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
F<\/th>\r\nA<\/th>\r\nC<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
y\r\nmax<\/th>\r\ny\r\nmax<\/th>\r\ny\r\nmax<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
t < 2<\/td>\r\n2 IT11<\/td>\r\n2 IT12<\/td>\r\n2 IT13<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
2 \u2264 t \u2264 4<\/td>\r\n2 IT12<\/td>\r\n2 IT13<\/td>\r\n2 IT14<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
t \u2265 4<\/td>\r\n2 IT13<\/td>\r\n2 IT14<\/td>\r\n2 IT15<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Tolerance y based on diameter d2<\/sub><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n
4.5.3 Flatness (Deflection) z<\/div>\r\n

Flatness z is the difference between effective height heff<\/sub> and effective thickness teff<\/sub>. Note: Independent of thickness tolerance; additional processes like grinding may reduce deflection. Measured after deburring.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Thickness t<\/th>\r\nProduct Grade<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
F<\/th>\r\nA<\/th>\r\nC<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
z\r\nmax<\/th>\r\nz\r\nmax<\/th>\r\nz\r\nmax<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
t \u2264 0.5<\/td>\r\n0.07<\/td>\r\n0.1<\/td>\r\n0.13<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
0.5 < t \u2264 1<\/td>\r\n0.1<\/td>\r\n0.15<\/td>\r\n0.2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
1 < t \u2264 2.5<\/td>\r\n0.2<\/td>\r\n0.2<\/td>\r\n0.25<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
2.5 < t \u2264 4<\/td>\r\n0.3<\/td>\r\n0.3<\/td>\r\n0.3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
4 < t \u2264 6<\/td>\r\n0.4<\/td>\r\n0.4<\/td>\r\n0.4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
6 < t \u2264 10<\/td>\r\n0.6<\/td>\r\n0.6<\/td>\r\n0.6<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
10 < t \u2264 20<\/td>\r\n1<\/td>\r\n1<\/td>\r\n1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

5. Key Requirements in GB\/T 3103.3-2020<\/h2>\r\nTolerances must be verified pre-surface treatment. Product standards take precedence if differing. Measurements for thickness and flatness occur post-deburring to ensure accuracy.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

6. Precision and Error Analysis<\/h2>\r\nErrors may arise from manufacturing processes like stamping, leading to burring or coaxiality issues. Improve accuracy via precise tooling and post-processing. Common errors include ignoring chamfer specs; resolve by adhering to grade-specific tables.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

7. Impact of GB\/T 3103.3-2020 on Industry<\/h2>\r\nThis standard enhances material research by standardizing tolerances, aids quality control in manufacturing, and supports applications in high-precision sectors like aerospace, where grade A washers ensure reliability.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

8. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)<\/h2>\r\n
\r\n

What is the difference between product grades A, C, and F?<\/h3>\r\nGrade A offers the tightest tolerances for precision applications, C for general use, and F for fine tolerances in specific scenarios, as detailed in the tables.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
\r\n

When should tolerances be measured?<\/h3>\r\nTolerances apply before surface treatment, with thickness and flatness measured after deburring to avoid inaccuracies from manufacturing artifacts.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
\r\n

How does this standard compare to ISO 4759-3?<\/h3>\r\nGB\/T 3103.3-2020 is equivalent to ISO 4759-3:2016, ensuring global compatibility for tolerances on flat washers.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
\r\n

What if product standards differ from this?<\/h3>\r\nProduct-specific standards take precedence, but deviations require technical justification.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
\r\n

Are chamfers mandatory?<\/h3>\r\nMinimum chamfers are specified to prevent sharp edges, with values based on thickness and grade; for combined washers, position may need specification.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
\r\n

How to select the appropriate grade for an application?<\/h3>\r\nChoose based on assembly precision: A for high-load critical parts, C for standard bolting, considering factors like vibration and load distribution.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
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