This article provides a comprehensive overview of the GB\/T 3098.1-2010 standard, focusing on mechanical properties for bolts, screws, and studs made from carbon and alloy steels. The structure is as follows:<\/p>\n
GB\/T 3098.1-2010 specifies the mechanical and physical properties of bolts, screws, and studs made from carbon steel or alloy steel, tested at ambient temperatures between 10 \u00b0C and 35 \u00b0C. This standard applies to fasteners with nominal thread diameters from 1.6 mm to 39 mm, ensuring consistency in performance for structural, automotive, and machinery applications.<\/p>\n
It defines property classes based on tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, hardness, and other metrics, promoting quality control and safety. Aligned with ISO 898-1:2009, it facilitates international compatibility while addressing specific requirements for Chinese manufacturing standards.<\/p>\n
The property class marking system uses two numbers separated by a dot, where the left indicates nominal tensile strength (RM<\/sub>) in MPa divided by 100, and the right represents the yield ratio multiplied by 10. For example, “8.8” denotes 800 MPa tensile strength and a 0.8 yield ratio.<\/p>\n Materials must comply with chemical composition limits and heat treatment requirements to achieve desired properties. Carbon steels with added elements like boron, manganese, or chromium are common, with minimum tempering temperatures specified to ensure hardenability.<\/p>\n For reduced load-bearing capacity fasteners with properties equivalent to 8.8, mark as “08.8”.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Anmerkungen:<\/p>\n These specifications guide material selection, ensuring fasteners achieve required strength and resistance to failure modes like hydrogen embrittlement.<\/p>\n Fasteners must meet specified mechanical properties at ambient temperature, including tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, hardness, and impact energy. Testing methods are outlined to verify compliance.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Anmerkungen:<\/p>\n These properties ensure fasteners perform under specified loads, with tests like tensile and hardness verifying quality. For high-strength applications, consider size effects on load capacity.<\/p>\n The standard provides test methods for verification, applicable to full-size fasteners or machined specimens. Consider environmental factors, installation torque, and surface treatments to avoid failures like decarburization or embrittlement.<\/p>\n These guidelines aid in selecting and testing fasteners, enhancing reliability in mechanical assemblies.<\/p>\n It indicates nominal tensile strength of 800 MPa and a yield strength ratio of 0.8, ensuring standardized performance identification for selection in engineering designs.<\/p>\n Compositions with added elements like boron enhance hardenability, allowing higher strength classes while limiting P and S to prevent brittleness, as per Table 2 limits.<\/p>\n For d \u2265 16 mm and classes requiring min 27 J at -20 \u00b0C, to assess toughness in low-temperature applications and avoid brittle failure.<\/p>\n It reduces strength; the standard specifies max complete decarburization depth of 0.015 mm and min non-decarburized height to maintain load-bearing capacity.<\/p>\n It is modified from ISO 898-1:2009, with similar property classes but adapted for Chinese contexts, ensuring global interoperability in fastener specifications.<\/p>\n Tensile, proof load, and wedge tensile tests verify real-world performance, especially for sizes where machined specimens may not represent actual behavior.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Introduction to GB\/T 3098.1-2010 Standard Article Outline This article provides a comprehensive overview of the GB\/T 3098.1-2010 standard, focusing on mechanical properties for bolts, screws, and studs made from carbon and alloy steels. The structure is as follows: Introduction to the Standard Marking System and Materials Mechanical and Physical Properties Application Guidelines and Test Applicability […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[220],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5720","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technical-documentation-and-references"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5720","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5720"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5720\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5722,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5720\/revisions\/5722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5720"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5720"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korea-transmission.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5720"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
\n \nDigit After Decimal<\/th>\n .6<\/th>\n .8<\/th>\n .9<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n Verh\u00e4ltnis<\/td>\n 0.6<\/td>\n 0.8<\/td>\n 0.9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n \n
\n Property Class<\/th>\n Material and Heat Treatment<\/th>\n Chemical Composition Limits (% Ladle Analysis)<\/th>\n Tempering Temperature min (\u00b0C)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n \n C<\/th>\n P max<\/th>\n S max<\/th>\n B max<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n \n \nmin<\/th>\n max<\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n 4.6<\/td>\n Carbon steel or carbon steel with additives<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.05<\/td>\n 0.06<\/td>\n Not specified<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 4.8<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.05<\/td>\n 0.06<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 5.6<\/td>\n 0.13<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.05<\/td>\n 0.06<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 5.8<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.05<\/td>\n 0.06<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 6.8<\/td>\n 0.15<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.05<\/td>\n 0.06<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 8.8<\/td>\n Carbon steel with additives (e.g., B, Mn, Cr) quenched and tempered<\/td>\n 0.15<\/td>\n 0.4<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.003<\/td>\n 425<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Carbon steel quenched and tempered<\/td>\n 0.25<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Alloy steel quenched and tempered<\/td>\n 0.2<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 9.8<\/td>\n Carbon steel with additives quenched and tempered<\/td>\n 0.15<\/td>\n 0.4<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.003<\/td>\n 425<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Carbon steel quenched and tempered<\/td>\n 0.25<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Alloy steel quenched and tempered<\/td>\n 0.2<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 10.9<\/td>\n Carbon steel with additives quenched and tempered<\/td>\n 0.20<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.003<\/td>\n 425<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Carbon steel quenched and tempered<\/td>\n 0.25<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Alloy steel quenched and tempered<\/td>\n 0.2<\/td>\n 0.55<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 12.9<\/td>\n Alloy steel quenched and tempered<\/td>\n 0.3<\/td>\n 0.5<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.003<\/td>\n 425<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 12.9<\/td>\n Carbon steel with additives quenched and tempered<\/td>\n 0.28<\/td>\n 0.5<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.025<\/td>\n 0.003<\/td>\n 380<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n \n
Mechanical and Physical Properties<\/h2>\n
\n
\n No.<\/th>\n Mechanical or Physical Property<\/th>\n Property Class<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n \n 4.6<\/th>\n 4.8<\/th>\n 5.6<\/th>\n 5.8<\/th>\n 6.8<\/th>\n 8.8<\/th>\n 9.8 (d\u226416 mm)<\/th>\n 10.9<\/th>\n 12.9<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n \n \nd\u226416 mm<\/th>\n d>16 mm<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n 1<\/td>\n Tensile strength RM<\/sub> (MPa)<\/td>\n nom<\/td>\n 400<\/td>\n 400<\/td>\n 500<\/td>\n 500<\/td>\n 600<\/td>\n 800<\/td>\n 800<\/td>\n 900<\/td>\n 1000<\/td>\n 1200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n min<\/td>\n 400<\/td>\n 420<\/td>\n 500<\/td>\n 520<\/td>\n 600<\/td>\n 800<\/td>\n 830<\/td>\n 900<\/td>\n 1040<\/td>\n 1220<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 2<\/td>\n Lower yield strength ReL<\/sub> (MPa)<\/td>\n nom<\/td>\n 240<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 300<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n min<\/td>\n 240<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 300<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 3<\/td>\n Stress at 0.2% non-proportional elongation Rp0.2<\/sub> (MPa)<\/td>\n nom<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 640<\/td>\n 640<\/td>\n 720<\/td>\n 900<\/td>\n 1080<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n min<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 640<\/td>\n 660<\/td>\n 720<\/td>\n 940<\/td>\n 1100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 4<\/td>\n Stress at 0.0048d non-proportional elongation for full-size fastener Rpf<\/sub> (MPa)<\/td>\n nom<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 320<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 400<\/td>\n 480<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n min<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 340<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 420<\/td>\n 480<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 5<\/td>\n Proof stress SP<\/sub> (MPa)<\/td>\n nom<\/td>\n 225<\/td>\n 310<\/td>\n 280<\/td>\n 380<\/td>\n 440<\/td>\n 580<\/td>\n 600<\/td>\n 650<\/td>\n 830<\/td>\n 970<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Proof stress ratio<\/td>\n 0.94<\/td>\n 0.91<\/td>\n 0.93<\/td>\n 0.9<\/td>\n 0.92<\/td>\n 0.91<\/td>\n 0.91<\/td>\n 0.9<\/td>\n 0.88<\/td>\n 0.88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 6<\/td>\n Elongation after fracture for machined test pieces A (%)<\/td>\n min<\/td>\n 22<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 20<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 12<\/td>\n 12<\/td>\n 10<\/td>\n 9<\/td>\n 8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 7<\/td>\n Reduction in area after fracture for machined test pieces Z (%)<\/td>\n min<\/td>\n \u2014<\/td>\n 52<\/td>\n 52<\/td>\n 48<\/td>\n 48<\/td>\n 44<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 18<\/td>\n Surface discontinuities<\/td>\n GB\/T 5779.1<\/td>\n GB\/T 5779.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n \n
Application Guidelines and Test Applicability<\/h2>\n
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H\u00e4ufig gestellte Fragen (FAQ)<\/h2>\n
What does the property class marking like “8.8” signify?<\/h3>\n
How do material compositions affect fastener performance?<\/h3>\n
When should impact testing be conducted?<\/h3>\n
What are the implications of decarburization on threads?<\/h3>\n
How does the standard align with ISO 898-1?<\/h3>\n
What tests are applicable for full-size fasteners?<\/h3>\n